Development of a Portable and Modular Gas Generator: Application to Formaldehyde Analysis
This work aims at developing and validating under laboratory-controlled conditions a gas mixture generation device designed for easy on-site or laboratory calibration of analytical instruments dedicated to air monitoring, such as analysers or sensors. This portable device, which has been validated f...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Chemosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/10/4/131 |
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| author | Anaïs Becker Nathaly Lohmann Christophe A. Serra Stéphane Le Calvé |
| author_facet | Anaïs Becker Nathaly Lohmann Christophe A. Serra Stéphane Le Calvé |
| author_sort | Anaïs Becker |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This work aims at developing and validating under laboratory-controlled conditions a gas mixture generation device designed for easy on-site or laboratory calibration of analytical instruments dedicated to air monitoring, such as analysers or sensors. This portable device, which has been validated for formaldehyde, is compact and is based on the diffusion of liquid formaldehyde through a short microporous interface with an air stream to reach non-Henry equilibrium gas–liquid dynamics. The geometry of the temperature-controlled assembly has been optimised to allow easy change of the aqueous solution, keeping the microporous tube straight. The formaldehyde generator has been coupled to an on-line formaldehyde analyser to monitor the gas concentration generated as a function of the liquid formaldehyde concentration, the temperature, the air gas flow rate, and the microporous tube length. Our experimental results show that the generated gaseous formaldehyde concentration increase linearly between 10 and 1740 µg m<sup>−3</sup> with that of the aqueous solution ranging between 0 and 200 mg L<sup>−1</sup> for all the gas flow rates studied, namely 25, 50 and 100 mL min<sup>−1</sup>. The generated gas phase concentration also increases with increasing temperature according to Henry’s law and with increasing the gas–liquid contact time either by reducing the gas flow rate from 100 to 25 mL min<sup>−1</sup> or increasing the microporous tube length from 3.5 to 14 cm. Finally, the performances of this modular formaldehyde generator are compared and discussed with those reported in the scientific literature or commercialised by manufacturers. The technique developed here is the only one allowing to operate with a low flow rate such as 25 to 100 mL min<sup>−1</sup> while generating a wide range of concentrations (10–1000 µg m<sup>−3</sup>) with very good accuracy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:00:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-16a8e4618f5b455fabb27a52ef1f639f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9040 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:00:49Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Chemosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-16a8e4618f5b455fabb27a52ef1f639f2023-12-01T01:16:31ZengMDPI AGChemosensors2227-90402022-03-0110413110.3390/chemosensors10040131Development of a Portable and Modular Gas Generator: Application to Formaldehyde AnalysisAnaïs Becker0Nathaly Lohmann1Christophe A. Serra2Stéphane Le Calvé3Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l’Energie, l’Environnement et la Santé, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ICPEES UMR 7515, F-67034 Strasbourg, FranceInstitut de Chimie et Procédés pour l’Energie, l’Environnement et la Santé, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ICPEES UMR 7515, F-67034 Strasbourg, FranceInstitut Charles Sadron, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ICS UPR 22, F-67034 Strasbourg, FranceInstitut de Chimie et Procédés pour l’Energie, l’Environnement et la Santé, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ICPEES UMR 7515, F-67034 Strasbourg, FranceThis work aims at developing and validating under laboratory-controlled conditions a gas mixture generation device designed for easy on-site or laboratory calibration of analytical instruments dedicated to air monitoring, such as analysers or sensors. This portable device, which has been validated for formaldehyde, is compact and is based on the diffusion of liquid formaldehyde through a short microporous interface with an air stream to reach non-Henry equilibrium gas–liquid dynamics. The geometry of the temperature-controlled assembly has been optimised to allow easy change of the aqueous solution, keeping the microporous tube straight. The formaldehyde generator has been coupled to an on-line formaldehyde analyser to monitor the gas concentration generated as a function of the liquid formaldehyde concentration, the temperature, the air gas flow rate, and the microporous tube length. Our experimental results show that the generated gaseous formaldehyde concentration increase linearly between 10 and 1740 µg m<sup>−3</sup> with that of the aqueous solution ranging between 0 and 200 mg L<sup>−1</sup> for all the gas flow rates studied, namely 25, 50 and 100 mL min<sup>−1</sup>. The generated gas phase concentration also increases with increasing temperature according to Henry’s law and with increasing the gas–liquid contact time either by reducing the gas flow rate from 100 to 25 mL min<sup>−1</sup> or increasing the microporous tube length from 3.5 to 14 cm. Finally, the performances of this modular formaldehyde generator are compared and discussed with those reported in the scientific literature or commercialised by manufacturers. The technique developed here is the only one allowing to operate with a low flow rate such as 25 to 100 mL min<sup>−1</sup> while generating a wide range of concentrations (10–1000 µg m<sup>−3</sup>) with very good accuracy.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/10/4/131formaldehyde gas generationcalibration sourcemicroporous tubemodular concentrationsportable devicenon-Henry equilibrium gas–liquid dynamics |
| spellingShingle | Anaïs Becker Nathaly Lohmann Christophe A. Serra Stéphane Le Calvé Development of a Portable and Modular Gas Generator: Application to Formaldehyde Analysis Chemosensors formaldehyde gas generation calibration source microporous tube modular concentrations portable device non-Henry equilibrium gas–liquid dynamics |
| title | Development of a Portable and Modular Gas Generator: Application to Formaldehyde Analysis |
| title_full | Development of a Portable and Modular Gas Generator: Application to Formaldehyde Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Development of a Portable and Modular Gas Generator: Application to Formaldehyde Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of a Portable and Modular Gas Generator: Application to Formaldehyde Analysis |
| title_short | Development of a Portable and Modular Gas Generator: Application to Formaldehyde Analysis |
| title_sort | development of a portable and modular gas generator application to formaldehyde analysis |
| topic | formaldehyde gas generation calibration source microporous tube modular concentrations portable device non-Henry equilibrium gas–liquid dynamics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/10/4/131 |
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