Individual differences moderate effects in an Unusual Disease paradigm: A psychophysical data collection lab approach and an online experiment
We report two studies investigating individual intuitive-deliberative cognitive-styles and risk-styles as moderators of the framing effect in Tversky and Kahneman's famous Unusual Disease problem setting. We examined framing effects in two ways: counting the number of frame-inconsistent choices...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1086699/full |
| _version_ | 1797858928913022976 |
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| author | Marc Wyszynski Adele Diederich |
| author_facet | Marc Wyszynski Adele Diederich |
| author_sort | Marc Wyszynski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We report two studies investigating individual intuitive-deliberative cognitive-styles and risk-styles as moderators of the framing effect in Tversky and Kahneman's famous Unusual Disease problem setting. We examined framing effects in two ways: counting the number of frame-inconsistent choices and comparing the proportions of risky choices depending on gain-loss framing. Moreover, in addition to gain-loss frames, we systematically varied the number of affected people, probabilities of surviving/dying, type of disease, and response deadlines. Study 1 used a psychophysical data collection approach and a sample of 43 undergraduate students, each performing 480 trials. Study 2 was an online study incorporating psychophysical elements in a social science approach using a larger and more heterogeneous sample, i.e., 262 participants performed 80 trials each. In both studies, the effect of framing on risky choice proportions was moderated by risk-styles. Cognitive-styles measured on different scales moderated the framing effect only in study 2. The effects of disease type, probability of surviving/dying, and number of affected people on risky choice frequencies were also affected by cognitive-styles and risk-styles but different for both studies and to different extents. We found no relationship between the number of frame-inconsistent choices and cognitive-styles or risk-styles, respectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:21:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-16ede69b728b4087bf6a21bc3878a96f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:21:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-16ede69b728b4087bf6a21bc3878a96f2023-03-28T05:17:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782023-03-011410.3389/fpsyg.2023.10866991086699Individual differences moderate effects in an Unusual Disease paradigm: A psychophysical data collection lab approach and an online experimentMarc Wyszynski0Adele Diederich1Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, GermanyDepartment of Psychology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, GermanyWe report two studies investigating individual intuitive-deliberative cognitive-styles and risk-styles as moderators of the framing effect in Tversky and Kahneman's famous Unusual Disease problem setting. We examined framing effects in two ways: counting the number of frame-inconsistent choices and comparing the proportions of risky choices depending on gain-loss framing. Moreover, in addition to gain-loss frames, we systematically varied the number of affected people, probabilities of surviving/dying, type of disease, and response deadlines. Study 1 used a psychophysical data collection approach and a sample of 43 undergraduate students, each performing 480 trials. Study 2 was an online study incorporating psychophysical elements in a social science approach using a larger and more heterogeneous sample, i.e., 262 participants performed 80 trials each. In both studies, the effect of framing on risky choice proportions was moderated by risk-styles. Cognitive-styles measured on different scales moderated the framing effect only in study 2. The effects of disease type, probability of surviving/dying, and number of affected people on risky choice frequencies were also affected by cognitive-styles and risk-styles but different for both studies and to different extents. We found no relationship between the number of frame-inconsistent choices and cognitive-styles or risk-styles, respectively.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1086699/fullindividual differencesframing effectscognitive-stylerisk-stylethinking-stylecognitive-experiential self-theory |
| spellingShingle | Marc Wyszynski Adele Diederich Individual differences moderate effects in an Unusual Disease paradigm: A psychophysical data collection lab approach and an online experiment Frontiers in Psychology individual differences framing effects cognitive-style risk-style thinking-style cognitive-experiential self-theory |
| title | Individual differences moderate effects in an Unusual Disease paradigm: A psychophysical data collection lab approach and an online experiment |
| title_full | Individual differences moderate effects in an Unusual Disease paradigm: A psychophysical data collection lab approach and an online experiment |
| title_fullStr | Individual differences moderate effects in an Unusual Disease paradigm: A psychophysical data collection lab approach and an online experiment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Individual differences moderate effects in an Unusual Disease paradigm: A psychophysical data collection lab approach and an online experiment |
| title_short | Individual differences moderate effects in an Unusual Disease paradigm: A psychophysical data collection lab approach and an online experiment |
| title_sort | individual differences moderate effects in an unusual disease paradigm a psychophysical data collection lab approach and an online experiment |
| topic | individual differences framing effects cognitive-style risk-style thinking-style cognitive-experiential self-theory |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1086699/full |
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