Current Knowledge on Bee Innate Immunity Based on Genomics and Transcriptomics
As important pollinators, bees play a critical role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem and improving the yield and quality of crops. However, in recent years, the bee population has significantly declined due to various pathogens and environmental stressors including viruses, bacteria, para...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/22/14278 |
| _version_ | 1797465012557578240 |
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| author | Xiaomeng Zhao Yanjie Liu |
| author_facet | Xiaomeng Zhao Yanjie Liu |
| author_sort | Xiaomeng Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As important pollinators, bees play a critical role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem and improving the yield and quality of crops. However, in recent years, the bee population has significantly declined due to various pathogens and environmental stressors including viruses, bacteria, parasites, and increased pesticide application. The above threats trigger or suppress the innate immunity of bees, their only immune defense system, which is essential to maintaining individual health and that of the colony. In addition, bees can be divided into solitary and eusocial bees based on their life traits, and eusocial bees possess special social immunities, such as grooming behavior, which cooperate with innate immunity to maintain the health of the colony. The omics approach gives us an opportunity to recognize the distinctive innate immunity of bees. In this regard, we summarize innate bee immunity from a genomic and transcriptomic perspective. The genetic characteristics of innate immunity were revealed by the multiple genomes of bees with different kinds of sociality, including honeybees, bumblebees, wasps, leaf-cutter bees, and so on. Further substantial transcriptomic data of different tissues from diverse bees directly present the activation or suppression of immune genes under the infestation of pathogens or toxicity of pesticides. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:16:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-16f16985037842baaabae2a6bacf3ca1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:16:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-16f16985037842baaabae2a6bacf3ca12023-11-24T08:41:36ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-11-0123221427810.3390/ijms232214278Current Knowledge on Bee Innate Immunity Based on Genomics and TranscriptomicsXiaomeng Zhao0Yanjie Liu1College of Engineering, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, ChinaKey Laboratory for Insect-Pollinator Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, ChinaAs important pollinators, bees play a critical role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem and improving the yield and quality of crops. However, in recent years, the bee population has significantly declined due to various pathogens and environmental stressors including viruses, bacteria, parasites, and increased pesticide application. The above threats trigger or suppress the innate immunity of bees, their only immune defense system, which is essential to maintaining individual health and that of the colony. In addition, bees can be divided into solitary and eusocial bees based on their life traits, and eusocial bees possess special social immunities, such as grooming behavior, which cooperate with innate immunity to maintain the health of the colony. The omics approach gives us an opportunity to recognize the distinctive innate immunity of bees. In this regard, we summarize innate bee immunity from a genomic and transcriptomic perspective. The genetic characteristics of innate immunity were revealed by the multiple genomes of bees with different kinds of sociality, including honeybees, bumblebees, wasps, leaf-cutter bees, and so on. Further substantial transcriptomic data of different tissues from diverse bees directly present the activation or suppression of immune genes under the infestation of pathogens or toxicity of pesticides.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/22/14278beesinnate immunitypathogensparasitespesticides |
| spellingShingle | Xiaomeng Zhao Yanjie Liu Current Knowledge on Bee Innate Immunity Based on Genomics and Transcriptomics International Journal of Molecular Sciences bees innate immunity pathogens parasites pesticides |
| title | Current Knowledge on Bee Innate Immunity Based on Genomics and Transcriptomics |
| title_full | Current Knowledge on Bee Innate Immunity Based on Genomics and Transcriptomics |
| title_fullStr | Current Knowledge on Bee Innate Immunity Based on Genomics and Transcriptomics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Current Knowledge on Bee Innate Immunity Based on Genomics and Transcriptomics |
| title_short | Current Knowledge on Bee Innate Immunity Based on Genomics and Transcriptomics |
| title_sort | current knowledge on bee innate immunity based on genomics and transcriptomics |
| topic | bees innate immunity pathogens parasites pesticides |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/22/14278 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xiaomengzhao currentknowledgeonbeeinnateimmunitybasedongenomicsandtranscriptomics AT yanjieliu currentknowledgeonbeeinnateimmunitybasedongenomicsandtranscriptomics |