The Role of Threonine Deaminase/Dehydratase in Winter Dormancy in Sweet Cherry Buds
The determination of the endodormancy release and the beginning of ontogenetic development is a challenge, because these are non-observable stages. Changes in protein activity are important aspects of signal transduction. The conversion of threonine to 2-oxobutanoate is the first step towards isoleu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Nitrogen |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3129/4/3/20 |
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| author | Klaus-Peter Götz Chibueze Ene Joerg Fettke Frank-M. Chmielewski |
| author_facet | Klaus-Peter Götz Chibueze Ene Joerg Fettke Frank-M. Chmielewski |
| author_sort | Klaus-Peter Götz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The determination of the endodormancy release and the beginning of ontogenetic development is a challenge, because these are non-observable stages. Changes in protein activity are important aspects of signal transduction. The conversion of threonine to 2-oxobutanoate is the first step towards isoleucine (Ile) biosynthesis, which promote growth and development. The reaction is catalyzed by threonine deaminase/dehydratase (TD). This study on TD activity was conducted at the experimental sweet cherry orchard at Berlin-Dahlem. Fresh (FW), dry weight (DW), water content (WC), and the specific TD activity for the cherry cultivars Summit, Karina and Regina were conducted from flower bud samples between October and April. The content of asparagine (Asn), aspartic acid (Asp), Ile, and valine (Val) were exemplarily shown for Summit. In buds of Summit and Karina, the TD activity was one week after the beginning of the ontogenetic development (t<sub>1</sub>*), significantly higher compared to samplings during endo- and ecodormancy. Such “peak” activity did not occur in the buds of Regina; TD tended for a longer time (day of year, DOY 6–48) to a higher activity, compared to the time DOY 287–350. For the date “one week after t<sub>1</sub>*”, the upregulation of TD, the markedly increase of the Ile and Val content, and the increase of the water content in the buds, all this enzymatically confirms the estimated start of the ontogenetic development (t<sub>1</sub>*) in sweet cherry buds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:20:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1705288a92eb475bba9898eef5003564 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2504-3129 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:20:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nitrogen |
| spelling | doaj.art-1705288a92eb475bba9898eef50035642023-11-19T12:16:11ZengMDPI AGNitrogen2504-31292023-08-014327928510.3390/nitrogen4030020The Role of Threonine Deaminase/Dehydratase in Winter Dormancy in Sweet Cherry BudsKlaus-Peter Götz0Chibueze Ene1Joerg Fettke2Frank-M. Chmielewski3Agricultural Climatology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-University of Berlin, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 5, 14195 Berlin, GermanyBiopolymer Analytics Group, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, 14476 Potsdam, GermanyBiopolymer Analytics Group, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, 14476 Potsdam, GermanyAgricultural Climatology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-University of Berlin, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 5, 14195 Berlin, GermanyThe determination of the endodormancy release and the beginning of ontogenetic development is a challenge, because these are non-observable stages. Changes in protein activity are important aspects of signal transduction. The conversion of threonine to 2-oxobutanoate is the first step towards isoleucine (Ile) biosynthesis, which promote growth and development. The reaction is catalyzed by threonine deaminase/dehydratase (TD). This study on TD activity was conducted at the experimental sweet cherry orchard at Berlin-Dahlem. Fresh (FW), dry weight (DW), water content (WC), and the specific TD activity for the cherry cultivars Summit, Karina and Regina were conducted from flower bud samples between October and April. The content of asparagine (Asn), aspartic acid (Asp), Ile, and valine (Val) were exemplarily shown for Summit. In buds of Summit and Karina, the TD activity was one week after the beginning of the ontogenetic development (t<sub>1</sub>*), significantly higher compared to samplings during endo- and ecodormancy. Such “peak” activity did not occur in the buds of Regina; TD tended for a longer time (day of year, DOY 6–48) to a higher activity, compared to the time DOY 287–350. For the date “one week after t<sub>1</sub>*”, the upregulation of TD, the markedly increase of the Ile and Val content, and the increase of the water content in the buds, all this enzymatically confirms the estimated start of the ontogenetic development (t<sub>1</sub>*) in sweet cherry buds.https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3129/4/3/20endodormancyecodormancysweet cherrybudsthreonine deaminase/dehydrataseontogenetic development |
| spellingShingle | Klaus-Peter Götz Chibueze Ene Joerg Fettke Frank-M. Chmielewski The Role of Threonine Deaminase/Dehydratase in Winter Dormancy in Sweet Cherry Buds Nitrogen endodormancy ecodormancy sweet cherry buds threonine deaminase/dehydratase ontogenetic development |
| title | The Role of Threonine Deaminase/Dehydratase in Winter Dormancy in Sweet Cherry Buds |
| title_full | The Role of Threonine Deaminase/Dehydratase in Winter Dormancy in Sweet Cherry Buds |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Threonine Deaminase/Dehydratase in Winter Dormancy in Sweet Cherry Buds |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Threonine Deaminase/Dehydratase in Winter Dormancy in Sweet Cherry Buds |
| title_short | The Role of Threonine Deaminase/Dehydratase in Winter Dormancy in Sweet Cherry Buds |
| title_sort | role of threonine deaminase dehydratase in winter dormancy in sweet cherry buds |
| topic | endodormancy ecodormancy sweet cherry buds threonine deaminase/dehydratase ontogenetic development |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3129/4/3/20 |
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