An Invisible Salient Landmark Approach to Locating Pedestrians for Predesigned Business Card Route of Pedestrian Navigation
Visual landmarks are important navigational aids for research into and design of applications for last mile pedestrian navigation, e.g., business card route of pedestrian navigation. The business card route is a route between a fixed origin (e.g., campus entrance) to a fixed destination (e.g., offic...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/9/3164 |
| _version_ | 1798040246299918336 |
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| author | Zhixiang Fang Yuxin Jiang Hong Xu Shih-Lung Shaw Ling Li Xuexian Geng |
| author_facet | Zhixiang Fang Yuxin Jiang Hong Xu Shih-Lung Shaw Ling Li Xuexian Geng |
| author_sort | Zhixiang Fang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Visual landmarks are important navigational aids for research into and design of applications for last mile pedestrian navigation, e.g., business card route of pedestrian navigation. The business card route is a route between a fixed origin (e.g., campus entrance) to a fixed destination (e.g., office). The changing characteristics and combinations of various sensors’ data in smartphones or navigation devices can be viewed as invisible salient landmarks for business card route of pedestrian navigation. However, the advantages of these invisible landmarks have not been fully utilized, despite the prevalence of GPS and digital maps. This paper presents an improvement to the Dempster–Shafer theory of evidence to find invisible landmarks along predesigned pedestrian routes, which can guide pedestrians by locating them without using digital maps. This approach is suitable for use as a “business card” route for newcomers to find their last mile destinations smoothly by following precollected sensor data along a target route. Experiments in real pedestrian navigation environments show that our proposed approach can sense the location of pedestrians automatically, both indoors and outdoors, and has smaller positioning errors than purely GPS and Wi-Fi positioning approaches in the study area. Consequently, the proposed methodology is appropriate to guide pedestrians to unfamiliar destinations, such as a room in a building or an exit from a park, with little dependency on geographical information. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:04:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1708b0b041694e5293d5b84f8b9a9259 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:04:49Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-1708b0b041694e5293d5b84f8b9a92592022-12-22T04:00:44ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202018-09-01189316410.3390/s18093164s18093164An Invisible Salient Landmark Approach to Locating Pedestrians for Predesigned Business Card Route of Pedestrian NavigationZhixiang Fang0Yuxin Jiang1Hong Xu2Shih-Lung Shaw3Ling Li4Xuexian Geng5State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, ChinaSchool of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, ChinaDepartment of Geography, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-0925, USAState Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, ChinaElectronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430072, ChinaVisual landmarks are important navigational aids for research into and design of applications for last mile pedestrian navigation, e.g., business card route of pedestrian navigation. The business card route is a route between a fixed origin (e.g., campus entrance) to a fixed destination (e.g., office). The changing characteristics and combinations of various sensors’ data in smartphones or navigation devices can be viewed as invisible salient landmarks for business card route of pedestrian navigation. However, the advantages of these invisible landmarks have not been fully utilized, despite the prevalence of GPS and digital maps. This paper presents an improvement to the Dempster–Shafer theory of evidence to find invisible landmarks along predesigned pedestrian routes, which can guide pedestrians by locating them without using digital maps. This approach is suitable for use as a “business card” route for newcomers to find their last mile destinations smoothly by following precollected sensor data along a target route. Experiments in real pedestrian navigation environments show that our proposed approach can sense the location of pedestrians automatically, both indoors and outdoors, and has smaller positioning errors than purely GPS and Wi-Fi positioning approaches in the study area. Consequently, the proposed methodology is appropriate to guide pedestrians to unfamiliar destinations, such as a room in a building or an exit from a park, with little dependency on geographical information.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/9/3164landmarkpedestrian routesensor signalroute guidancesmartphone navigationDempster-Shafer theory of evidence |
| spellingShingle | Zhixiang Fang Yuxin Jiang Hong Xu Shih-Lung Shaw Ling Li Xuexian Geng An Invisible Salient Landmark Approach to Locating Pedestrians for Predesigned Business Card Route of Pedestrian Navigation Sensors landmark pedestrian route sensor signal route guidance smartphone navigation Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence |
| title | An Invisible Salient Landmark Approach to Locating Pedestrians for Predesigned Business Card Route of Pedestrian Navigation |
| title_full | An Invisible Salient Landmark Approach to Locating Pedestrians for Predesigned Business Card Route of Pedestrian Navigation |
| title_fullStr | An Invisible Salient Landmark Approach to Locating Pedestrians for Predesigned Business Card Route of Pedestrian Navigation |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Invisible Salient Landmark Approach to Locating Pedestrians for Predesigned Business Card Route of Pedestrian Navigation |
| title_short | An Invisible Salient Landmark Approach to Locating Pedestrians for Predesigned Business Card Route of Pedestrian Navigation |
| title_sort | invisible salient landmark approach to locating pedestrians for predesigned business card route of pedestrian navigation |
| topic | landmark pedestrian route sensor signal route guidance smartphone navigation Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/9/3164 |
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