Cellular loci involved in the development of brain arteriovenous malformations
Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are abnormal vessels that are prone to rupture, causing life-threatening intracranial bleeding. The mechanism of bAVM formation is poorly understood. Nevertheless, animal studies revealed that gene mutation in endothelial cells (ECs) and angiogenic stimulati...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2022.968369/full |
| _version_ | 1811272124854173696 |
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| author | Zahra Shabani Zahra Shabani Joana Schuerger Joana Schuerger Hua Su Hua Su |
| author_facet | Zahra Shabani Zahra Shabani Joana Schuerger Joana Schuerger Hua Su Hua Su |
| author_sort | Zahra Shabani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are abnormal vessels that are prone to rupture, causing life-threatening intracranial bleeding. The mechanism of bAVM formation is poorly understood. Nevertheless, animal studies revealed that gene mutation in endothelial cells (ECs) and angiogenic stimulation are necessary for bAVM initiation. Evidence collected through analyzing bAVM specimens of human and mouse models indicate that cells other than ECs also are involved in bAVM pathogenesis. Both human and mouse bAVMs vessels showed lower mural cell-coverage, suggesting a role of pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) in bAVM pathogenesis. Perivascular astrocytes also are important in maintaining cerebral vascular function and take part in bAVM development. Furthermore, higher inflammatory cytokines in bAVM tissue and blood demonstrate the contribution of inflammatory cells in bAVM progression, and rupture. The goal of this paper is to provide our current understanding of the roles of different cellular loci in bAVM pathogenesis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:34:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1724edb19d1149e3abbdccadf60b5e90 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5161 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:34:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-1724edb19d1149e3abbdccadf60b5e902022-12-22T03:13:53ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience1662-51612022-09-011610.3389/fnhum.2022.968369968369Cellular loci involved in the development of brain arteriovenous malformationsZahra Shabani0Zahra Shabani1Joana Schuerger2Joana Schuerger3Hua Su4Hua Su5Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesDepartment of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesCenter for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesDepartment of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesCenter for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesDepartment of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesBrain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are abnormal vessels that are prone to rupture, causing life-threatening intracranial bleeding. The mechanism of bAVM formation is poorly understood. Nevertheless, animal studies revealed that gene mutation in endothelial cells (ECs) and angiogenic stimulation are necessary for bAVM initiation. Evidence collected through analyzing bAVM specimens of human and mouse models indicate that cells other than ECs also are involved in bAVM pathogenesis. Both human and mouse bAVMs vessels showed lower mural cell-coverage, suggesting a role of pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) in bAVM pathogenesis. Perivascular astrocytes also are important in maintaining cerebral vascular function and take part in bAVM development. Furthermore, higher inflammatory cytokines in bAVM tissue and blood demonstrate the contribution of inflammatory cells in bAVM progression, and rupture. The goal of this paper is to provide our current understanding of the roles of different cellular loci in bAVM pathogenesis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2022.968369/fullbrain arteriovenous malformationsendothelial cellspericytessmooth muscle cellsastrocyteinflammatory cells |
| spellingShingle | Zahra Shabani Zahra Shabani Joana Schuerger Joana Schuerger Hua Su Hua Su Cellular loci involved in the development of brain arteriovenous malformations Frontiers in Human Neuroscience brain arteriovenous malformations endothelial cells pericytes smooth muscle cells astrocyte inflammatory cells |
| title | Cellular loci involved in the development of brain arteriovenous malformations |
| title_full | Cellular loci involved in the development of brain arteriovenous malformations |
| title_fullStr | Cellular loci involved in the development of brain arteriovenous malformations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cellular loci involved in the development of brain arteriovenous malformations |
| title_short | Cellular loci involved in the development of brain arteriovenous malformations |
| title_sort | cellular loci involved in the development of brain arteriovenous malformations |
| topic | brain arteriovenous malformations endothelial cells pericytes smooth muscle cells astrocyte inflammatory cells |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2022.968369/full |
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