Reuse of Abandoned Shield Residues Stabilized by a Sustainable Binder: Assessment of Strength, Durability, and Environmental Properties
The resourceful reuse, construction, and environmental and safety hazards of shield residues in underground construction have received a lot of attention. This paper reports the assessment of shield residues generated with the underground space development through stabilization. The variations of st...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Buildings |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/13/3/738 |
| _version_ | 1797613039076245504 |
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| author | Wei Cao Jun Zhao Zhe-Yuan Jiang Ying-Zhen Li Chi Che |
| author_facet | Wei Cao Jun Zhao Zhe-Yuan Jiang Ying-Zhen Li Chi Che |
| author_sort | Wei Cao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The resourceful reuse, construction, and environmental and safety hazards of shield residues in underground construction have received a lot of attention. This paper reports the assessment of shield residues generated with the underground space development through stabilization. The variations of strength, durability, and environmental properties of magnesium oxide (MgO)-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS)-fiber material stabilized shield residues are tested by unconfined compressive strength test, direct shear test, pH test, and modified dry and soaking cycle test (acidic sulfate ion condition, pH = 5.0). Portland cement (PC)-stabilized shield residues are selected as the control group. The optimal ratio of MgO-activated GGBS-fiber-stabilized material is recommended. The test results show that the basalt fiber with 12 mm length and 0.1% ratio is designed as the optimal value. The MgO-activated GGBS-fiber-stabilized shield residues specimens with the ratio of MgO to GGBS of 1:7 display higher unconfined compressive strength (<i>q</i><sub>u</sub>) and shear strength (<i>τ</i>). After ten dry–soaking cycles, the <i>q</i><sub>u</sub>, <i>τ</i>, and pH of the MgO-activated GGBS-fiber-stabilized shield residues specimens decreased by 21%, 8%, and 12%, respectively, compared to those corresponding to the standard curing time. In contrast, the <i>q</i><sub>u</sub>, <i>τ</i>, and pH of the control group were reduced by 46%, 39%, and 13%. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:49:17Z |
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| id | doaj.art-1728d15fe98d42aeb88b8104801fff6e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-5309 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:49:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| series | Buildings |
| spelling | doaj.art-1728d15fe98d42aeb88b8104801fff6e2023-11-17T10:03:28ZengMDPI AGBuildings2075-53092023-03-0113373810.3390/buildings13030738Reuse of Abandoned Shield Residues Stabilized by a Sustainable Binder: Assessment of Strength, Durability, and Environmental PropertiesWei Cao0Jun Zhao1Zhe-Yuan Jiang2Ying-Zhen Li3Chi Che4China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710043, ChinaChongqing Rail Transit (Group) Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, ChinaThe resourceful reuse, construction, and environmental and safety hazards of shield residues in underground construction have received a lot of attention. This paper reports the assessment of shield residues generated with the underground space development through stabilization. The variations of strength, durability, and environmental properties of magnesium oxide (MgO)-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS)-fiber material stabilized shield residues are tested by unconfined compressive strength test, direct shear test, pH test, and modified dry and soaking cycle test (acidic sulfate ion condition, pH = 5.0). Portland cement (PC)-stabilized shield residues are selected as the control group. The optimal ratio of MgO-activated GGBS-fiber-stabilized material is recommended. The test results show that the basalt fiber with 12 mm length and 0.1% ratio is designed as the optimal value. The MgO-activated GGBS-fiber-stabilized shield residues specimens with the ratio of MgO to GGBS of 1:7 display higher unconfined compressive strength (<i>q</i><sub>u</sub>) and shear strength (<i>τ</i>). After ten dry–soaking cycles, the <i>q</i><sub>u</sub>, <i>τ</i>, and pH of the MgO-activated GGBS-fiber-stabilized shield residues specimens decreased by 21%, 8%, and 12%, respectively, compared to those corresponding to the standard curing time. In contrast, the <i>q</i><sub>u</sub>, <i>τ</i>, and pH of the control group were reduced by 46%, 39%, and 13%.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/13/3/738shield residue stabilizationMgO-activated GGBSbasalt fiberstrengthdry and soaking cycle |
| spellingShingle | Wei Cao Jun Zhao Zhe-Yuan Jiang Ying-Zhen Li Chi Che Reuse of Abandoned Shield Residues Stabilized by a Sustainable Binder: Assessment of Strength, Durability, and Environmental Properties Buildings shield residue stabilization MgO-activated GGBS basalt fiber strength dry and soaking cycle |
| title | Reuse of Abandoned Shield Residues Stabilized by a Sustainable Binder: Assessment of Strength, Durability, and Environmental Properties |
| title_full | Reuse of Abandoned Shield Residues Stabilized by a Sustainable Binder: Assessment of Strength, Durability, and Environmental Properties |
| title_fullStr | Reuse of Abandoned Shield Residues Stabilized by a Sustainable Binder: Assessment of Strength, Durability, and Environmental Properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reuse of Abandoned Shield Residues Stabilized by a Sustainable Binder: Assessment of Strength, Durability, and Environmental Properties |
| title_short | Reuse of Abandoned Shield Residues Stabilized by a Sustainable Binder: Assessment of Strength, Durability, and Environmental Properties |
| title_sort | reuse of abandoned shield residues stabilized by a sustainable binder assessment of strength durability and environmental properties |
| topic | shield residue stabilization MgO-activated GGBS basalt fiber strength dry and soaking cycle |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/13/3/738 |
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