Egeria densa organic extracts: an eco-friendly approach to suppress Microcystis aeruginosa growth through allelopathy
Macrophytes play a significant role in shaping plankton communities by shading, controlling water turbulence, and nutrient availability, while also producing allelochemicals causing varying effects on different organisms. Many researchers have shown that when live macrophytes are present, they inhib...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IWA Publishing
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Water Science and Technology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://wst.iwaponline.com/content/88/11/2955 |
| _version_ | 1827582470802898944 |
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| author | Ashika Wijesinghe Mudalige Don Hiranya Jayasanka Senavirathna Takeshi Fujino |
| author_facet | Ashika Wijesinghe Mudalige Don Hiranya Jayasanka Senavirathna Takeshi Fujino |
| author_sort | Ashika Wijesinghe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Macrophytes play a significant role in shaping plankton communities by shading, controlling water turbulence, and nutrient availability, while also producing allelochemicals causing varying effects on different organisms. Many researchers have shown that when live macrophytes are present, they inhibit cyanobacteria. However, their widespread use is often limited due to numerous concerns, including invasive characteristics. This study focused on the applicability of Egeria densa extracts to suppress Microcystis aeruginosa. We employed pure water and dimethyl sulfoxide, to obtain compounds from E. densa. The results revealed that E. densa aqueous extracts stimulated M. aeruginosa growth, whereas organic extracts exhibited suppression. Specifically, at low concentrations of organics extracts (0.5 and 1 g/L), after day 4, the growth inhibition was confirmed by significantly higher (p < 0.05) stress levels shown in cells treated with low concentrations. The highest inhibition rate of 32% was observed at 0.5 g/L. However, high concentrations of organic extracts (3 and 6 g/L), showed increased growth compared with control. These results suggest that high concentrations of organic extracts from E. densa potentially suppress allelochemical-induced M. aeruginosa inhibition due to high nutrient availability. In comparison with an aqueous solvent, the use of organic solvent seems to be more effective in efficiently extracting allelochemicals from E. densa.
HIGHLIGHTS
Organic solvent extracts of E. densa allelochemicals are more effective than aqueous solvent extracts.;
Low-concentration of E. densa organic extracts inhibit M. aeruginosa growth more effectively than high concentrations and aqueous extracts.;
The amount of nutrients in extracts is a determining factor for the effectiveness of allelochemicals.; |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:51:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-17307e5074f542f0ae641c864aac1042 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0273-1223 1996-9732 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:51:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | IWA Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water Science and Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-17307e5074f542f0ae641c864aac10422023-12-16T11:36:32ZengIWA PublishingWater Science and Technology0273-12231996-97322023-12-0188112955297310.2166/wst.2023.387387Egeria densa organic extracts: an eco-friendly approach to suppress Microcystis aeruginosa growth through allelopathyAshika Wijesinghe0Mudalige Don Hiranya Jayasanka Senavirathna1Takeshi Fujino2 Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan Macrophytes play a significant role in shaping plankton communities by shading, controlling water turbulence, and nutrient availability, while also producing allelochemicals causing varying effects on different organisms. Many researchers have shown that when live macrophytes are present, they inhibit cyanobacteria. However, their widespread use is often limited due to numerous concerns, including invasive characteristics. This study focused on the applicability of Egeria densa extracts to suppress Microcystis aeruginosa. We employed pure water and dimethyl sulfoxide, to obtain compounds from E. densa. The results revealed that E. densa aqueous extracts stimulated M. aeruginosa growth, whereas organic extracts exhibited suppression. Specifically, at low concentrations of organics extracts (0.5 and 1 g/L), after day 4, the growth inhibition was confirmed by significantly higher (p < 0.05) stress levels shown in cells treated with low concentrations. The highest inhibition rate of 32% was observed at 0.5 g/L. However, high concentrations of organic extracts (3 and 6 g/L), showed increased growth compared with control. These results suggest that high concentrations of organic extracts from E. densa potentially suppress allelochemical-induced M. aeruginosa inhibition due to high nutrient availability. In comparison with an aqueous solvent, the use of organic solvent seems to be more effective in efficiently extracting allelochemicals from E. densa. HIGHLIGHTS Organic solvent extracts of E. densa allelochemicals are more effective than aqueous solvent extracts.; Low-concentration of E. densa organic extracts inhibit M. aeruginosa growth more effectively than high concentrations and aqueous extracts.; The amount of nutrients in extracts is a determining factor for the effectiveness of allelochemicals.;http://wst.iwaponline.com/content/88/11/2955allelopathycyanobacteriagrowth inhibitionmacrophytesplant extracts |
| spellingShingle | Ashika Wijesinghe Mudalige Don Hiranya Jayasanka Senavirathna Takeshi Fujino Egeria densa organic extracts: an eco-friendly approach to suppress Microcystis aeruginosa growth through allelopathy Water Science and Technology allelopathy cyanobacteria growth inhibition macrophytes plant extracts |
| title | Egeria densa organic extracts: an eco-friendly approach to suppress Microcystis aeruginosa growth through allelopathy |
| title_full | Egeria densa organic extracts: an eco-friendly approach to suppress Microcystis aeruginosa growth through allelopathy |
| title_fullStr | Egeria densa organic extracts: an eco-friendly approach to suppress Microcystis aeruginosa growth through allelopathy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Egeria densa organic extracts: an eco-friendly approach to suppress Microcystis aeruginosa growth through allelopathy |
| title_short | Egeria densa organic extracts: an eco-friendly approach to suppress Microcystis aeruginosa growth through allelopathy |
| title_sort | egeria densa organic extracts an eco friendly approach to suppress microcystis aeruginosa growth through allelopathy |
| topic | allelopathy cyanobacteria growth inhibition macrophytes plant extracts |
| url | http://wst.iwaponline.com/content/88/11/2955 |
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