New Marginal Spectrum Feature Information Views of Humpback Whale Vocalization Signals Using the EMD Analysis Methods
Marginal spectrum (MS) feature information of humpback whale vocalization (HWV) signals is an interesting and significant research topic. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is a powerful time–frequency analysis tool for marine mammal vocalizations. In this paper, new MS feature innovation informatio...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/16/7228 |
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| author | Chin-Feng Lin Bing-Run Wu Shun-Hsyung Chang Ivan A. Parinov Sergey Shevtsov |
| author_facet | Chin-Feng Lin Bing-Run Wu Shun-Hsyung Chang Ivan A. Parinov Sergey Shevtsov |
| author_sort | Chin-Feng Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Marginal spectrum (MS) feature information of humpback whale vocalization (HWV) signals is an interesting and significant research topic. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is a powerful time–frequency analysis tool for marine mammal vocalizations. In this paper, new MS feature innovation information of HWV signals was extracted using the EMD analysis method. Thirty-six HWV samples with a time duration of 17.2 ms were classified into Classes I, II, and III, which consisted of 15, 5, and 16 samples, respectively. The following ratios were evaluated: the average energy ratios of the 1 first intrinsic mode function (IMF1) and residual function (RF) to the referred total energy for the Class I samples; the average energy ratios of the IMF1, 2nd IMF (IMF2), and RF to the referred total energy for the Class II samples; the average energy ratios of the IMF1, 6th IMF (IMF6), and RF to the referred total energy for the Class III samples. These average energy ratios were all more than 10%. The average energy ratios of IMF1 to the referred total energy were 9.825%, 13.790%, 4.938%, 3.977%, and 3.32% in the 2980–3725, 3725–4470, 4470–5215, 10,430–11,175, and 11,175–11,920 Hz bands, respectively, in the Class I samples; 14.675% and 4.910% in the 745–1490 and 1490–2235 Hz bands, respectively, in the Class II samples; 12.0640%, 6.8850%, and 4.1040% in the 2980–3725, 3725–4470, and 11,175–11,920 Hz bands, respectively, in the Class III samples. The results of this study provide a better understanding, high resolution, and new innovative views on the information obtained from the MS features of the HWV signals. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:35:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-1744de15e4ba407eba4b3119728b18792023-11-19T02:58:36ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-08-012316722810.3390/s23167228New Marginal Spectrum Feature Information Views of Humpback Whale Vocalization Signals Using the EMD Analysis MethodsChin-Feng Lin0Bing-Run Wu1Shun-Hsyung Chang2Ivan A. Parinov3Sergey Shevtsov4Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, TaiwanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, TaiwanDepartment of Microelectronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, TaiwanI. I. Vorovich Mathematics, Mechanics, and Computer Science Institute, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, RussiaHead of Aircraft Systems and Technologies Laboratory, South Center of Russian Academy of Science, 344006 Rostov-on-Don, RussiaMarginal spectrum (MS) feature information of humpback whale vocalization (HWV) signals is an interesting and significant research topic. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is a powerful time–frequency analysis tool for marine mammal vocalizations. In this paper, new MS feature innovation information of HWV signals was extracted using the EMD analysis method. Thirty-six HWV samples with a time duration of 17.2 ms were classified into Classes I, II, and III, which consisted of 15, 5, and 16 samples, respectively. The following ratios were evaluated: the average energy ratios of the 1 first intrinsic mode function (IMF1) and residual function (RF) to the referred total energy for the Class I samples; the average energy ratios of the IMF1, 2nd IMF (IMF2), and RF to the referred total energy for the Class II samples; the average energy ratios of the IMF1, 6th IMF (IMF6), and RF to the referred total energy for the Class III samples. These average energy ratios were all more than 10%. The average energy ratios of IMF1 to the referred total energy were 9.825%, 13.790%, 4.938%, 3.977%, and 3.32% in the 2980–3725, 3725–4470, 4470–5215, 10,430–11,175, and 11,175–11,920 Hz bands, respectively, in the Class I samples; 14.675% and 4.910% in the 745–1490 and 1490–2235 Hz bands, respectively, in the Class II samples; 12.0640%, 6.8850%, and 4.1040% in the 2980–3725, 3725–4470, and 11,175–11,920 Hz bands, respectively, in the Class III samples. The results of this study provide a better understanding, high resolution, and new innovative views on the information obtained from the MS features of the HWV signals.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/16/7228humpback whale vocalizationintrinsic mode functionmarginal spectrumfeature information |
| spellingShingle | Chin-Feng Lin Bing-Run Wu Shun-Hsyung Chang Ivan A. Parinov Sergey Shevtsov New Marginal Spectrum Feature Information Views of Humpback Whale Vocalization Signals Using the EMD Analysis Methods Sensors humpback whale vocalization intrinsic mode function marginal spectrum feature information |
| title | New Marginal Spectrum Feature Information Views of Humpback Whale Vocalization Signals Using the EMD Analysis Methods |
| title_full | New Marginal Spectrum Feature Information Views of Humpback Whale Vocalization Signals Using the EMD Analysis Methods |
| title_fullStr | New Marginal Spectrum Feature Information Views of Humpback Whale Vocalization Signals Using the EMD Analysis Methods |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Marginal Spectrum Feature Information Views of Humpback Whale Vocalization Signals Using the EMD Analysis Methods |
| title_short | New Marginal Spectrum Feature Information Views of Humpback Whale Vocalization Signals Using the EMD Analysis Methods |
| title_sort | new marginal spectrum feature information views of humpback whale vocalization signals using the emd analysis methods |
| topic | humpback whale vocalization intrinsic mode function marginal spectrum feature information |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/16/7228 |
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