The Microphysical Properties of a Sea-Fog Event along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in Spring
The microphysics and visibility of a sea-fog event were measured at the Qingdao Meteorological Station (QDMS) (120°19′ E, 36°04′ N) from 5 April to 8 April 2017. The two foggy periods with low visibility (<200 m) lasted 31 h together. The mean value of the average liquid water content (LWC) was 0...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/4/413 |
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| author | Shengkai Wang Li Yi Suping Zhang Xiaomeng Shi Xianyao Chen |
| author_facet | Shengkai Wang Li Yi Suping Zhang Xiaomeng Shi Xianyao Chen |
| author_sort | Shengkai Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The microphysics and visibility of a sea-fog event were measured at the Qingdao Meteorological Station (QDMS) (120°19′ E, 36°04′ N) from 5 April to 8 April 2017. The two foggy periods with low visibility (<200 m) lasted 31 h together. The mean value of the average liquid water content (LWC) was 0.057 g m<sup>−3</sup>, and the mean value of the number concentration (NUM) was 64.4 cm<sup>−3</sup>. We found that although large droplets only constituted a small portion of the total number of the concentration; they contributed the majority of the LWC and therefore determined ~76% of total extinction of the visibility. The observed droplet-size distribution (DSD) exhibited a new bimodal Gaussian (G-exponential) distribution function, rather than the well-accepted Gamma distribution. This work suggests a new distribution function to describe fog DSD, which may help to improve the microphysical parameterization for the Yellow Sea fog numerical forecasting. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:20:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-176881a2f9ce4a3d8c7327cafc2853d5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:20:56Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-176881a2f9ce4a3d8c7327cafc2853d52023-11-19T22:11:44ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332020-04-0111441310.3390/atmos11040413The Microphysical Properties of a Sea-Fog Event along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in SpringShengkai Wang0Li Yi1Suping Zhang2Xiaomeng Shi3Xianyao Chen4Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaPhysical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaPhysical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaQingdao Meteorological Bureau, Qingdao 266003, ChinaPhysical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaThe microphysics and visibility of a sea-fog event were measured at the Qingdao Meteorological Station (QDMS) (120°19′ E, 36°04′ N) from 5 April to 8 April 2017. The two foggy periods with low visibility (<200 m) lasted 31 h together. The mean value of the average liquid water content (LWC) was 0.057 g m<sup>−3</sup>, and the mean value of the number concentration (NUM) was 64.4 cm<sup>−3</sup>. We found that although large droplets only constituted a small portion of the total number of the concentration; they contributed the majority of the LWC and therefore determined ~76% of total extinction of the visibility. The observed droplet-size distribution (DSD) exhibited a new bimodal Gaussian (G-exponential) distribution function, rather than the well-accepted Gamma distribution. This work suggests a new distribution function to describe fog DSD, which may help to improve the microphysical parameterization for the Yellow Sea fog numerical forecasting.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/4/413fog microphysicsGamma distributionlow visibilitysmall dropletslarge dropletsKoschmieder formula |
| spellingShingle | Shengkai Wang Li Yi Suping Zhang Xiaomeng Shi Xianyao Chen The Microphysical Properties of a Sea-Fog Event along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in Spring Atmosphere fog microphysics Gamma distribution low visibility small droplets large droplets Koschmieder formula |
| title | The Microphysical Properties of a Sea-Fog Event along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in Spring |
| title_full | The Microphysical Properties of a Sea-Fog Event along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in Spring |
| title_fullStr | The Microphysical Properties of a Sea-Fog Event along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in Spring |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Microphysical Properties of a Sea-Fog Event along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in Spring |
| title_short | The Microphysical Properties of a Sea-Fog Event along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in Spring |
| title_sort | microphysical properties of a sea fog event along the west coast of the yellow sea in spring |
| topic | fog microphysics Gamma distribution low visibility small droplets large droplets Koschmieder formula |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/4/413 |
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