Immune responses to P falciparum antibodies in symptomatic malaria patients with variant hemoglobin genotypes in Ghana
Abstract Background Haemoglobin (Hb) variants such as sickle cell trait (SCT/HbAS) play a role in protecting against clinical malaria, but little is known about the development of immune responses against malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum surface protein 230 (Pfs230) and Plasmodium falciparum...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2024-02-01
|
| Series: | BMC Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12865-024-00607-1 |
| _version_ | 1797275261536829440 |
|---|---|
| author | Kwame Kumi Asare Benjamin Agrah Fiifi Solomon Ofori-Acquah William Kudzi Nii Ayite Aryee Linda Eva Amoah |
| author_facet | Kwame Kumi Asare Benjamin Agrah Fiifi Solomon Ofori-Acquah William Kudzi Nii Ayite Aryee Linda Eva Amoah |
| author_sort | Kwame Kumi Asare |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Haemoglobin (Hb) variants such as sickle cell trait (SCT/HbAS) play a role in protecting against clinical malaria, but little is known about the development of immune responses against malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum surface protein 230 (Pfs230) and Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte binding antigen 175 region-3 (PfEBA175-3R)) and vector (on the An. gambiae Salivary Gland Protein-6 peptide 1 (gSG6-P1)) antigens in individuals with variants Hb genotypes. This study assessed antibody (IgG) responses against malaria parasite, Pfs230 and PfEBA175-3R and vector, gSG6-P1 in febrile individuals with variant Hb genotypes. Methods The study was conducted on symptomatic malaria patients attending various healthcare facilities throughout Ghana. Microscopy and ELISA were used to determine the natural IgG antibody levels of gSG6-P1, PfEBA175-3R & Pfs230, and Capillarys 2 Flex Piercing was used for Hb variants determination. Results Of the 600 symptomatic malaria patients, 50.0% of the participants had malaria parasites by microscopy. The majority 79.0% (398/504) of the participants had Hb AA, followed by HbAS variant at 11.3% (57/504) and HbAC 6.7% (34/504). There were significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced levels of gSG6-P1 IgG in individuals with both HbAC and HbAS genotypes compared to the HbAA genotype. The levels of gSG6-P1 IgG were significantly (p < 0.0001) higher in HbAS compared to HbAC. Similarly, Pfs230 IgG and PfEBA-175-3R IgG distributions observed across the haemoglobin variants were significantly higher in HbAC relative to HbAS. Conclusion The study has shown that haemoglobin variants significantly influence the pattern of anti-gSG6-P1, Pfs230, and PfEBA-175 IgG levels in malaria-endemic population. The HbAS genotype is suggested to confer protection against malaria infection. Reduced exposure to infection ultimately reduces the induction of antibodies targeted against P. falciparum antigens. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:10:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1769bdf960ed4a728a5ef701f0739c40 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2172 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:10:46Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-1769bdf960ed4a728a5ef701f0739c402024-03-05T18:37:26ZengBMCBMC Immunology1471-21722024-02-0125111010.1186/s12865-024-00607-1Immune responses to P falciparum antibodies in symptomatic malaria patients with variant hemoglobin genotypes in GhanaKwame Kumi Asare0Benjamin Agrah1Fiifi Solomon Ofori-Acquah2William Kudzi3Nii Ayite Aryee4Linda Eva Amoah5Department of Biomedical Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape CoastDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana Medical School, University of GhanaWest Africa Genetic Medicine Centre, University of GhanaWest Africa Genetic Medicine Centre, University of GhanaDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana Medical School, University of GhanaDepartment of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of GhanaAbstract Background Haemoglobin (Hb) variants such as sickle cell trait (SCT/HbAS) play a role in protecting against clinical malaria, but little is known about the development of immune responses against malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum surface protein 230 (Pfs230) and Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte binding antigen 175 region-3 (PfEBA175-3R)) and vector (on the An. gambiae Salivary Gland Protein-6 peptide 1 (gSG6-P1)) antigens in individuals with variants Hb genotypes. This study assessed antibody (IgG) responses against malaria parasite, Pfs230 and PfEBA175-3R and vector, gSG6-P1 in febrile individuals with variant Hb genotypes. Methods The study was conducted on symptomatic malaria patients attending various healthcare facilities throughout Ghana. Microscopy and ELISA were used to determine the natural IgG antibody levels of gSG6-P1, PfEBA175-3R & Pfs230, and Capillarys 2 Flex Piercing was used for Hb variants determination. Results Of the 600 symptomatic malaria patients, 50.0% of the participants had malaria parasites by microscopy. The majority 79.0% (398/504) of the participants had Hb AA, followed by HbAS variant at 11.3% (57/504) and HbAC 6.7% (34/504). There were significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced levels of gSG6-P1 IgG in individuals with both HbAC and HbAS genotypes compared to the HbAA genotype. The levels of gSG6-P1 IgG were significantly (p < 0.0001) higher in HbAS compared to HbAC. Similarly, Pfs230 IgG and PfEBA-175-3R IgG distributions observed across the haemoglobin variants were significantly higher in HbAC relative to HbAS. Conclusion The study has shown that haemoglobin variants significantly influence the pattern of anti-gSG6-P1, Pfs230, and PfEBA-175 IgG levels in malaria-endemic population. The HbAS genotype is suggested to confer protection against malaria infection. Reduced exposure to infection ultimately reduces the induction of antibodies targeted against P. falciparum antigens.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12865-024-00607-1Heamoglobin S and CSalivary gland antigenImmunoglobulin GSymptomatic malariaCapillarys 2 flex piercing analyzer |
| spellingShingle | Kwame Kumi Asare Benjamin Agrah Fiifi Solomon Ofori-Acquah William Kudzi Nii Ayite Aryee Linda Eva Amoah Immune responses to P falciparum antibodies in symptomatic malaria patients with variant hemoglobin genotypes in Ghana BMC Immunology Heamoglobin S and C Salivary gland antigen Immunoglobulin G Symptomatic malaria Capillarys 2 flex piercing analyzer |
| title | Immune responses to P falciparum antibodies in symptomatic malaria patients with variant hemoglobin genotypes in Ghana |
| title_full | Immune responses to P falciparum antibodies in symptomatic malaria patients with variant hemoglobin genotypes in Ghana |
| title_fullStr | Immune responses to P falciparum antibodies in symptomatic malaria patients with variant hemoglobin genotypes in Ghana |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immune responses to P falciparum antibodies in symptomatic malaria patients with variant hemoglobin genotypes in Ghana |
| title_short | Immune responses to P falciparum antibodies in symptomatic malaria patients with variant hemoglobin genotypes in Ghana |
| title_sort | immune responses to p falciparum antibodies in symptomatic malaria patients with variant hemoglobin genotypes in ghana |
| topic | Heamoglobin S and C Salivary gland antigen Immunoglobulin G Symptomatic malaria Capillarys 2 flex piercing analyzer |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12865-024-00607-1 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kwamekumiasare immuneresponsestopfalciparumantibodiesinsymptomaticmalariapatientswithvarianthemoglobingenotypesinghana AT benjaminagrah immuneresponsestopfalciparumantibodiesinsymptomaticmalariapatientswithvarianthemoglobingenotypesinghana AT fiifisolomonoforiacquah immuneresponsestopfalciparumantibodiesinsymptomaticmalariapatientswithvarianthemoglobingenotypesinghana AT williamkudzi immuneresponsestopfalciparumantibodiesinsymptomaticmalariapatientswithvarianthemoglobingenotypesinghana AT niiayitearyee immuneresponsestopfalciparumantibodiesinsymptomaticmalariapatientswithvarianthemoglobingenotypesinghana AT lindaevaamoah immuneresponsestopfalciparumantibodiesinsymptomaticmalariapatientswithvarianthemoglobingenotypesinghana |