Methylation at global LINE-1 repeats in human blood are affected by gender but not by age or natural hormone cycles.
Previously, we reported on inter-individual and gender specific variations of LINE-1 methylation in healthy individuals. In this study, we investigated whether this variability could be influenced by age or sex hormones in humans. To this end, we studied LINE-1 methylation in vivo in blood-derived D...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2011-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3023801?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1818944258655125504 |
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| author | Osman El-Maarri Maja Walier Frank Behne Jan van Üüm Heike Singer Amalia Diaz-Lacava Nicole Nüsgen Barbara Niemann Matthias Watzka Jochen Reinsberg Hans van der Ven Thomas Wienker Birgit Stoffel-Wagner Rainer Schwaab Johannes Oldenburg |
| author_facet | Osman El-Maarri Maja Walier Frank Behne Jan van Üüm Heike Singer Amalia Diaz-Lacava Nicole Nüsgen Barbara Niemann Matthias Watzka Jochen Reinsberg Hans van der Ven Thomas Wienker Birgit Stoffel-Wagner Rainer Schwaab Johannes Oldenburg |
| author_sort | Osman El-Maarri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Previously, we reported on inter-individual and gender specific variations of LINE-1 methylation in healthy individuals. In this study, we investigated whether this variability could be influenced by age or sex hormones in humans. To this end, we studied LINE-1 methylation in vivo in blood-derived DNA from individuals aged 18 to 64 years and from young healthy females at various hormone levels during the menstrual cycle. Our results show that no significant association with age was observed. However, the previously reported increase of LINE-1 methylation in males was reconfirmed. In females, although no correlation between LINE-1 or Alu methylation and hormone levels was observed, a significant stable individual specific level of methylation was noted. In vitro results largely confirmed these findings, as neither estrogen nor dihydrotestosterone affected LINE-1 or Alu methylation in Hek293T, HUVEC, or MDA-kb2 cell lines. In contrast, a decrease in methylation was observed in estrogen-treated T47-Kbluc cell lines strongly expressing estrogen receptor. The very low expression of estrogen receptor in blood cells could explain the observed insensitivity of methylation at LINE-1 to natural hormonal variations in females. In conclusion, neither natural cycle of hormones nor age has a detectable effect on the LINE-1 methylation in peripheral blood cells, while gender remains an important factor. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T07:40:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-176df10339f94d409a07a8a43d9efde4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T07:40:22Z |
| publishDate | 2011-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-176df10339f94d409a07a8a43d9efde42022-12-21T19:48:08ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032011-01-0161e1625210.1371/journal.pone.0016252Methylation at global LINE-1 repeats in human blood are affected by gender but not by age or natural hormone cycles.Osman El-MaarriMaja WalierFrank BehneJan van ÜümHeike SingerAmalia Diaz-LacavaNicole NüsgenBarbara NiemannMatthias WatzkaJochen ReinsbergHans van der VenThomas WienkerBirgit Stoffel-WagnerRainer SchwaabJohannes OldenburgPreviously, we reported on inter-individual and gender specific variations of LINE-1 methylation in healthy individuals. In this study, we investigated whether this variability could be influenced by age or sex hormones in humans. To this end, we studied LINE-1 methylation in vivo in blood-derived DNA from individuals aged 18 to 64 years and from young healthy females at various hormone levels during the menstrual cycle. Our results show that no significant association with age was observed. However, the previously reported increase of LINE-1 methylation in males was reconfirmed. In females, although no correlation between LINE-1 or Alu methylation and hormone levels was observed, a significant stable individual specific level of methylation was noted. In vitro results largely confirmed these findings, as neither estrogen nor dihydrotestosterone affected LINE-1 or Alu methylation in Hek293T, HUVEC, or MDA-kb2 cell lines. In contrast, a decrease in methylation was observed in estrogen-treated T47-Kbluc cell lines strongly expressing estrogen receptor. The very low expression of estrogen receptor in blood cells could explain the observed insensitivity of methylation at LINE-1 to natural hormonal variations in females. In conclusion, neither natural cycle of hormones nor age has a detectable effect on the LINE-1 methylation in peripheral blood cells, while gender remains an important factor.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3023801?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Osman El-Maarri Maja Walier Frank Behne Jan van Üüm Heike Singer Amalia Diaz-Lacava Nicole Nüsgen Barbara Niemann Matthias Watzka Jochen Reinsberg Hans van der Ven Thomas Wienker Birgit Stoffel-Wagner Rainer Schwaab Johannes Oldenburg Methylation at global LINE-1 repeats in human blood are affected by gender but not by age or natural hormone cycles. PLoS ONE |
| title | Methylation at global LINE-1 repeats in human blood are affected by gender but not by age or natural hormone cycles. |
| title_full | Methylation at global LINE-1 repeats in human blood are affected by gender but not by age or natural hormone cycles. |
| title_fullStr | Methylation at global LINE-1 repeats in human blood are affected by gender but not by age or natural hormone cycles. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Methylation at global LINE-1 repeats in human blood are affected by gender but not by age or natural hormone cycles. |
| title_short | Methylation at global LINE-1 repeats in human blood are affected by gender but not by age or natural hormone cycles. |
| title_sort | methylation at global line 1 repeats in human blood are affected by gender but not by age or natural hormone cycles |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3023801?pdf=render |
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