Emerging blood exosome-based biomarkers for preclinical and clinical Alzheimer’s disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Blood exosomes, which are extracellular vesicles secreted by living cells into the circulating blood, are regarded as a relatively noninvasive novel tool for monitoring brain physiology and disease states. An increasing number of blood cargo-loaded exosomes are emerging as potential biomarkers for p...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Neural Regeneration Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2022;volume=17;issue=11;spage=2381;epage=2390;aulast=Liu |
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| author | Wei-Lin Liu Hua-Wei Lin Miao-Ran Lin Yan Yu Huan-Huan Liu Ya-Ling Dai Le-Wen Chen Wei-Wei Jia Xiao-Jun He Xiao-Ling Li Jing-Fang Zhu Xie-Hua Xue Jing Tao Li-Dian Chen |
| author_facet | Wei-Lin Liu Hua-Wei Lin Miao-Ran Lin Yan Yu Huan-Huan Liu Ya-Ling Dai Le-Wen Chen Wei-Wei Jia Xiao-Jun He Xiao-Ling Li Jing-Fang Zhu Xie-Hua Xue Jing Tao Li-Dian Chen |
| author_sort | Wei-Lin Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Blood exosomes, which are extracellular vesicles secreted by living cells into the circulating blood, are regarded as a relatively noninvasive novel tool for monitoring brain physiology and disease states. An increasing number of blood cargo-loaded exosomes are emerging as potential biomarkers for preclinical and clinical Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review of molecular biomarkers derived from blood exosomes to comprehensively analyze their diagnostic performance in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer’s disease. We performed a literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library from their inception to August 15, 2020. The research subjects mainly included Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment, and preclinical Alzheimer’s disease. We identified 34 observational studies, of which 15 were included in the quantitative analysis (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale score 5.87 points) and 19 were used in the qualitative analysis. The meta-analysis results showed that core biomarkers including Aβ1–42, P-T181-tau, P-S396-tau, and T-tau were increased in blood neuron-derived exosomes of preclinical Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer’s disease patients. Molecules related to additional risk factors that are involved in neuroinflammation (C1q), metabolism disorder (P-S312-IRS-1), neurotrophic deficiency (HGF), vascular injury (VEGF-D), and autophagy-lysosomal system dysfunction (cathepsin D) were also increased. At the gene level, the differential expression of transcription-related factors (REST) and microRNAs (miR-132) also affects RNA splicing, transport, and translation. These pathological changes contribute to neural loss and synaptic dysfunction. The data confirm that the above-mentioned core molecules and additional risk-related factors in blood exosomes can serve as candidate biomarkers for preclinical and clinical Alzheimer’s disease. These findings support further development of exosome biomarkers for a clinical blood test for Alzheimer’s disease. This meta-analysis was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Registration No. CRD4200173498, 28/04/2020). |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T11:43:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1770138fb27e4144bee15d61c82b9176 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1673-5374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T11:43:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Regeneration Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-1770138fb27e4144bee15d61c82b91762022-12-22T00:25:29ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsNeural Regeneration Research1673-53742022-01-0117112381239010.4103/1673-5374.335832Emerging blood exosome-based biomarkers for preclinical and clinical Alzheimer’s disease: a meta-analysis and systematic reviewWei-Lin LiuHua-Wei LinMiao-Ran LinYan YuHuan-Huan LiuYa-Ling DaiLe-Wen ChenWei-Wei JiaXiao-Jun HeXiao-Ling LiJing-Fang ZhuXie-Hua XueJing TaoLi-Dian ChenBlood exosomes, which are extracellular vesicles secreted by living cells into the circulating blood, are regarded as a relatively noninvasive novel tool for monitoring brain physiology and disease states. An increasing number of blood cargo-loaded exosomes are emerging as potential biomarkers for preclinical and clinical Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review of molecular biomarkers derived from blood exosomes to comprehensively analyze their diagnostic performance in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer’s disease. We performed a literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library from their inception to August 15, 2020. The research subjects mainly included Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment, and preclinical Alzheimer’s disease. We identified 34 observational studies, of which 15 were included in the quantitative analysis (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale score 5.87 points) and 19 were used in the qualitative analysis. The meta-analysis results showed that core biomarkers including Aβ1–42, P-T181-tau, P-S396-tau, and T-tau were increased in blood neuron-derived exosomes of preclinical Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer’s disease patients. Molecules related to additional risk factors that are involved in neuroinflammation (C1q), metabolism disorder (P-S312-IRS-1), neurotrophic deficiency (HGF), vascular injury (VEGF-D), and autophagy-lysosomal system dysfunction (cathepsin D) were also increased. At the gene level, the differential expression of transcription-related factors (REST) and microRNAs (miR-132) also affects RNA splicing, transport, and translation. These pathological changes contribute to neural loss and synaptic dysfunction. The data confirm that the above-mentioned core molecules and additional risk-related factors in blood exosomes can serve as candidate biomarkers for preclinical and clinical Alzheimer’s disease. These findings support further development of exosome biomarkers for a clinical blood test for Alzheimer’s disease. This meta-analysis was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Registration No. CRD4200173498, 28/04/2020).http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2022;volume=17;issue=11;spage=2381;epage=2390;aulast=Liualzheimer’s disease; amyloid-β; biomarkers; blood; exosomes; extracellular vesicles; meta-analysis; mild cognitive impairment; systematic review; tau protein |
| spellingShingle | Wei-Lin Liu Hua-Wei Lin Miao-Ran Lin Yan Yu Huan-Huan Liu Ya-Ling Dai Le-Wen Chen Wei-Wei Jia Xiao-Jun He Xiao-Ling Li Jing-Fang Zhu Xie-Hua Xue Jing Tao Li-Dian Chen Emerging blood exosome-based biomarkers for preclinical and clinical Alzheimer’s disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review Neural Regeneration Research alzheimer’s disease; amyloid-β; biomarkers; blood; exosomes; extracellular vesicles; meta-analysis; mild cognitive impairment; systematic review; tau protein |
| title | Emerging blood exosome-based biomarkers for preclinical and clinical Alzheimer’s disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review |
| title_full | Emerging blood exosome-based biomarkers for preclinical and clinical Alzheimer’s disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review |
| title_fullStr | Emerging blood exosome-based biomarkers for preclinical and clinical Alzheimer’s disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emerging blood exosome-based biomarkers for preclinical and clinical Alzheimer’s disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review |
| title_short | Emerging blood exosome-based biomarkers for preclinical and clinical Alzheimer’s disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review |
| title_sort | emerging blood exosome based biomarkers for preclinical and clinical alzheimer s disease a meta analysis and systematic review |
| topic | alzheimer’s disease; amyloid-β; biomarkers; blood; exosomes; extracellular vesicles; meta-analysis; mild cognitive impairment; systematic review; tau protein |
| url | http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2022;volume=17;issue=11;spage=2381;epage=2390;aulast=Liu |
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