Coating of Silicone Monofilaments with Elastic Carbon Black-Silver-Silicone Layers and Their Characterization Especially with Regard to the Change of the Electrical Resistance in Dependence on Strain
Smart textiles have properties that outperform the conventional protective and decorative function of textiles. By integrating special sensors into clothing, body functions and movements can be detected. Piezoresistive sensors measure a change in electrical resistance due to the application of force...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/4/806 |
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| author | Kristina Klinkhammer Ramona Nolden Rike Brendgen Manuela Niemeyer Kerstin Zöll Anne Schwarz-Pfeiffer |
| author_facet | Kristina Klinkhammer Ramona Nolden Rike Brendgen Manuela Niemeyer Kerstin Zöll Anne Schwarz-Pfeiffer |
| author_sort | Kristina Klinkhammer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Smart textiles have properties that outperform the conventional protective and decorative function of textiles. By integrating special sensors into clothing, body functions and movements can be detected. Piezoresistive sensors measure a change in electrical resistance due to the application of force in the form of stretching, pressure or bending. In order to manufacture such sensors, conventional non-conductive textile materials need to be made conductive by finishing processes. Therefore, a non-conductive silicone monofilament was coated with a conductive carbon silicone and additional silver-containing components and investigated for its suitability as a strain sensor. The changes in electrical resistance and the gauge factor as a measure of the sensitivity of a sensor were measured and calculated. In this publication, the electrical properties of such a filament-based sensor in the context of particle composition and concentration are discussed. The electrical resistance was already significantly reduced in a first step by coating with conductive carbon silicone (145 kΩ). The addition of silver-containing components further reduced the electrical resistance in a second step. Thereby, flat flakes of silver proved to be much more effective than silver-containing particles (5 kΩ at 20% addition). The former was easier to integrate into the coating and formed contact surfaces with each other at higher concentrations. Stretching the samples increased the resistance by enlarging the distance between the conductive components. With 30% silver-coated glass flakes in the coating, the highest gauge factor of 0.33 was achieved. Consequently, the changes in electrical resistance during stretching can be exploited to detect motion and the gauge factor indicates that even small changes in strain can be detected, so the herein developed coated monofilaments are suggested for use as strain sensors. Future work includes matching the particle composition and concentration to the exact application and investigating the sensors in the field. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:10:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1772f32905b341f6a25f50b9226f208d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:10:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-1772f32905b341f6a25f50b9226f208d2023-11-23T21:46:12ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602022-02-0114480610.3390/polym14040806Coating of Silicone Monofilaments with Elastic Carbon Black-Silver-Silicone Layers and Their Characterization Especially with Regard to the Change of the Electrical Resistance in Dependence on StrainKristina Klinkhammer0Ramona Nolden1Rike Brendgen2Manuela Niemeyer3Kerstin Zöll4Anne Schwarz-Pfeiffer5Research Institute for Textile and Clothing (FTB), Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Webschulstr 31, 41065 Mönchengladbach, GermanyResearch Institute for Textile and Clothing (FTB), Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Webschulstr 31, 41065 Mönchengladbach, GermanyResearch Institute for Textile and Clothing (FTB), Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Webschulstr 31, 41065 Mönchengladbach, GermanyResearch Institute for Textile and Clothing (FTB), Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Webschulstr 31, 41065 Mönchengladbach, GermanyResearch Institute for Textile and Clothing (FTB), Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Webschulstr 31, 41065 Mönchengladbach, GermanyResearch Institute for Textile and Clothing (FTB), Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Webschulstr 31, 41065 Mönchengladbach, GermanySmart textiles have properties that outperform the conventional protective and decorative function of textiles. By integrating special sensors into clothing, body functions and movements can be detected. Piezoresistive sensors measure a change in electrical resistance due to the application of force in the form of stretching, pressure or bending. In order to manufacture such sensors, conventional non-conductive textile materials need to be made conductive by finishing processes. Therefore, a non-conductive silicone monofilament was coated with a conductive carbon silicone and additional silver-containing components and investigated for its suitability as a strain sensor. The changes in electrical resistance and the gauge factor as a measure of the sensitivity of a sensor were measured and calculated. In this publication, the electrical properties of such a filament-based sensor in the context of particle composition and concentration are discussed. The electrical resistance was already significantly reduced in a first step by coating with conductive carbon silicone (145 kΩ). The addition of silver-containing components further reduced the electrical resistance in a second step. Thereby, flat flakes of silver proved to be much more effective than silver-containing particles (5 kΩ at 20% addition). The former was easier to integrate into the coating and formed contact surfaces with each other at higher concentrations. Stretching the samples increased the resistance by enlarging the distance between the conductive components. With 30% silver-coated glass flakes in the coating, the highest gauge factor of 0.33 was achieved. Consequently, the changes in electrical resistance during stretching can be exploited to detect motion and the gauge factor indicates that even small changes in strain can be detected, so the herein developed coated monofilaments are suggested for use as strain sensors. Future work includes matching the particle composition and concentration to the exact application and investigating the sensors in the field.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/4/806carbon black siliconeconductive coatingmetallic fillersultrastretchable sensorresistive sensor |
| spellingShingle | Kristina Klinkhammer Ramona Nolden Rike Brendgen Manuela Niemeyer Kerstin Zöll Anne Schwarz-Pfeiffer Coating of Silicone Monofilaments with Elastic Carbon Black-Silver-Silicone Layers and Their Characterization Especially with Regard to the Change of the Electrical Resistance in Dependence on Strain Polymers carbon black silicone conductive coating metallic fillers ultrastretchable sensor resistive sensor |
| title | Coating of Silicone Monofilaments with Elastic Carbon Black-Silver-Silicone Layers and Their Characterization Especially with Regard to the Change of the Electrical Resistance in Dependence on Strain |
| title_full | Coating of Silicone Monofilaments with Elastic Carbon Black-Silver-Silicone Layers and Their Characterization Especially with Regard to the Change of the Electrical Resistance in Dependence on Strain |
| title_fullStr | Coating of Silicone Monofilaments with Elastic Carbon Black-Silver-Silicone Layers and Their Characterization Especially with Regard to the Change of the Electrical Resistance in Dependence on Strain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coating of Silicone Monofilaments with Elastic Carbon Black-Silver-Silicone Layers and Their Characterization Especially with Regard to the Change of the Electrical Resistance in Dependence on Strain |
| title_short | Coating of Silicone Monofilaments with Elastic Carbon Black-Silver-Silicone Layers and Their Characterization Especially with Regard to the Change of the Electrical Resistance in Dependence on Strain |
| title_sort | coating of silicone monofilaments with elastic carbon black silver silicone layers and their characterization especially with regard to the change of the electrical resistance in dependence on strain |
| topic | carbon black silicone conductive coating metallic fillers ultrastretchable sensor resistive sensor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/4/806 |
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