Network Pharmacology of Adaptogens in the Assessment of Their Pleiotropic Therapeutic Activity
The reductionist concept, based on the ligand–receptor interaction, is not a suitable model for adaptogens, and herbal preparations affect multiple physiological functions, revealing polyvalent pharmacological activities, and are traditionally used in many conditions. This review, for the first time...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceuticals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/15/9/1051 |
| _version_ | 1827657942880485376 |
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| author | Alexander Panossian Thomas Efferth |
| author_facet | Alexander Panossian Thomas Efferth |
| author_sort | Alexander Panossian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The reductionist concept, based on the ligand–receptor interaction, is not a suitable model for adaptogens, and herbal preparations affect multiple physiological functions, revealing polyvalent pharmacological activities, and are traditionally used in many conditions. This review, for the first time, provides a rationale for the pleiotropic therapeutic efficacy of adaptogens based on evidence from recent gene expression studies in target cells and where the network pharmacology and systems biology approaches were applied. The specific molecular targets and adaptive stress response signaling mechanisms involved in nonspecific modes of action of adaptogens are identified. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:51:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1788e3d1cf5a4c98987727d9bd294956 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:51:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj.art-1788e3d1cf5a4c98987727d9bd2949562023-11-23T18:17:40ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472022-08-01159105110.3390/ph15091051Network Pharmacology of Adaptogens in the Assessment of Their Pleiotropic Therapeutic ActivityAlexander Panossian0Thomas Efferth1Phytomed AB, Bofinkvagen 1, 31275 Vaxtorp, SwedenDepartment of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099 Mainz, GermanyThe reductionist concept, based on the ligand–receptor interaction, is not a suitable model for adaptogens, and herbal preparations affect multiple physiological functions, revealing polyvalent pharmacological activities, and are traditionally used in many conditions. This review, for the first time, provides a rationale for the pleiotropic therapeutic efficacy of adaptogens based on evidence from recent gene expression studies in target cells and where the network pharmacology and systems biology approaches were applied. The specific molecular targets and adaptive stress response signaling mechanisms involved in nonspecific modes of action of adaptogens are identified.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/15/9/1051network pharmacologyadaptogensgene expressionpleiotropic actionnonspecificspecific action |
| spellingShingle | Alexander Panossian Thomas Efferth Network Pharmacology of Adaptogens in the Assessment of Their Pleiotropic Therapeutic Activity Pharmaceuticals network pharmacology adaptogens gene expression pleiotropic action nonspecific specific action |
| title | Network Pharmacology of Adaptogens in the Assessment of Their Pleiotropic Therapeutic Activity |
| title_full | Network Pharmacology of Adaptogens in the Assessment of Their Pleiotropic Therapeutic Activity |
| title_fullStr | Network Pharmacology of Adaptogens in the Assessment of Their Pleiotropic Therapeutic Activity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Network Pharmacology of Adaptogens in the Assessment of Their Pleiotropic Therapeutic Activity |
| title_short | Network Pharmacology of Adaptogens in the Assessment of Their Pleiotropic Therapeutic Activity |
| title_sort | network pharmacology of adaptogens in the assessment of their pleiotropic therapeutic activity |
| topic | network pharmacology adaptogens gene expression pleiotropic action nonspecific specific action |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/15/9/1051 |
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