Implications of sea-ice biogeochemistry for oceanic production and emissions of dimethyl sulfide in the Arctic
Sea ice represents an additional oceanic source of the climatically active gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS) for the Arctic atmosphere. To what extent this source contributes to the dynamics of summertime Arctic clouds is, however, not known due to scarcity of field measurements. In this study, we devel...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2017-06-01
|
| Series: | Biogeosciences |
| Online Access: | https://www.biogeosciences.net/14/3129/2017/bg-14-3129-2017.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818649490849005568 |
|---|---|
| author | H. Hayashida N. Steiner A. Monahan V. Galindo M. Lizotte M. Levasseur |
| author_facet | H. Hayashida N. Steiner A. Monahan V. Galindo M. Lizotte M. Levasseur |
| author_sort | H. Hayashida |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sea ice represents an additional oceanic source of the climatically active
gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS) for the Arctic atmosphere. To what extent this
source contributes to the dynamics of summertime Arctic clouds is, however,
not known due to scarcity of field measurements. In this study, we developed
a coupled sea ice–ocean ecosystem–sulfur cycle model to investigate the
potential impact of bottom-ice DMS and its precursor
dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) on the oceanic production and emissions of
DMS in the Arctic. The results of the 1-D model simulation were compared with
field data collected during May and June of 2010 in Resolute Passage. Our
results reproduced the accumulation of DMS and DMSP in the bottom ice during
the development of an ice algal bloom. The release of these sulfur species
took place predominantly during the earlier phase of the melt period,
resulting in an increase of DMS and DMSP in the underlying water column prior
to the onset of an under-ice phytoplankton bloom. Production and removal
rates of processes considered in the model are analyzed to identify the
processes dominating the budgets of DMS and DMSP both in the bottom ice and
the underlying water column. When openings in the ice were taken into
account, the simulated sea–air DMS flux during the melt period was dominated
by episodic spikes of up to 8.1 µmol m<sup>−2</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>. Further
model simulations were conducted to assess the effects of the incorporation
of sea-ice biogeochemistry on DMS production and emissions, as well as the
sensitivity of our results to changes of uncertain model parameters of the
sea-ice sulfur cycle. The results highlight the
importance of taking into account both the sea-ice sulfur cycle and ecosystem
in the flux estimates of oceanic DMS near the ice margins and identify key
uncertainties in processes and rates that should be better constrained by new
observations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T01:35:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-178eb73d273d4daf8d86fe24d3608766 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1726-4170 1726-4189 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T01:35:09Z |
| publishDate | 2017-06-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biogeosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-178eb73d273d4daf8d86fe24d36087662022-12-21T22:08:28ZengCopernicus PublicationsBiogeosciences1726-41701726-41892017-06-01143129315510.5194/bg-14-3129-2017Implications of sea-ice biogeochemistry for oceanic production and emissions of dimethyl sulfide in the ArcticH. Hayashida0N. Steiner1A. Monahan2V. Galindo3M. Lizotte4M. Levasseur5School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, CanadaInstitute of Ocean Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Sidney, British Columbia, CanadaSchool of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, CanadaCentre for Earth Observation Science, Faculty of Environment, Earth and Resources, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaDépartement de biologie, Québec-Océan, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, CanadaDépartement de biologie, Québec-Océan, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, CanadaSea ice represents an additional oceanic source of the climatically active gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS) for the Arctic atmosphere. To what extent this source contributes to the dynamics of summertime Arctic clouds is, however, not known due to scarcity of field measurements. In this study, we developed a coupled sea ice–ocean ecosystem–sulfur cycle model to investigate the potential impact of bottom-ice DMS and its precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) on the oceanic production and emissions of DMS in the Arctic. The results of the 1-D model simulation were compared with field data collected during May and June of 2010 in Resolute Passage. Our results reproduced the accumulation of DMS and DMSP in the bottom ice during the development of an ice algal bloom. The release of these sulfur species took place predominantly during the earlier phase of the melt period, resulting in an increase of DMS and DMSP in the underlying water column prior to the onset of an under-ice phytoplankton bloom. Production and removal rates of processes considered in the model are analyzed to identify the processes dominating the budgets of DMS and DMSP both in the bottom ice and the underlying water column. When openings in the ice were taken into account, the simulated sea–air DMS flux during the melt period was dominated by episodic spikes of up to 8.1 µmol m<sup>−2</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>. Further model simulations were conducted to assess the effects of the incorporation of sea-ice biogeochemistry on DMS production and emissions, as well as the sensitivity of our results to changes of uncertain model parameters of the sea-ice sulfur cycle. The results highlight the importance of taking into account both the sea-ice sulfur cycle and ecosystem in the flux estimates of oceanic DMS near the ice margins and identify key uncertainties in processes and rates that should be better constrained by new observations.https://www.biogeosciences.net/14/3129/2017/bg-14-3129-2017.pdf |
| spellingShingle | H. Hayashida N. Steiner A. Monahan V. Galindo M. Lizotte M. Levasseur Implications of sea-ice biogeochemistry for oceanic production and emissions of dimethyl sulfide in the Arctic Biogeosciences |
| title | Implications of sea-ice biogeochemistry for oceanic production and emissions of dimethyl sulfide in the Arctic |
| title_full | Implications of sea-ice biogeochemistry for oceanic production and emissions of dimethyl sulfide in the Arctic |
| title_fullStr | Implications of sea-ice biogeochemistry for oceanic production and emissions of dimethyl sulfide in the Arctic |
| title_full_unstemmed | Implications of sea-ice biogeochemistry for oceanic production and emissions of dimethyl sulfide in the Arctic |
| title_short | Implications of sea-ice biogeochemistry for oceanic production and emissions of dimethyl sulfide in the Arctic |
| title_sort | implications of sea ice biogeochemistry for oceanic production and emissions of dimethyl sulfide in the arctic |
| url | https://www.biogeosciences.net/14/3129/2017/bg-14-3129-2017.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hhayashida implicationsofseaicebiogeochemistryforoceanicproductionandemissionsofdimethylsulfideinthearctic AT nsteiner implicationsofseaicebiogeochemistryforoceanicproductionandemissionsofdimethylsulfideinthearctic AT amonahan implicationsofseaicebiogeochemistryforoceanicproductionandemissionsofdimethylsulfideinthearctic AT vgalindo implicationsofseaicebiogeochemistryforoceanicproductionandemissionsofdimethylsulfideinthearctic AT mlizotte implicationsofseaicebiogeochemistryforoceanicproductionandemissionsofdimethylsulfideinthearctic AT mlevasseur implicationsofseaicebiogeochemistryforoceanicproductionandemissionsofdimethylsulfideinthearctic |