An Archaeometric Analysis of Black-Appearing Iron Age Glass Beads from Vinha das Caliças 4 (Portugal)
Phoenician colonisation of the Iberian Peninsula in the 1st millennium BCE introduced many novel and luxurious goods to the local populations of the Western Mediterranean. Among them, black-appearing glass beads are characteristic of indigenous female burials in Southern Portugal during the 6th cent...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| author | Valentina Lončarić Ana Margarida Arruda Pedro Barrulas Mafalda Costa |
| author_facet | Valentina Lončarić Ana Margarida Arruda Pedro Barrulas Mafalda Costa |
| author_sort | Valentina Lončarić |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phoenician colonisation of the Iberian Peninsula in the 1st millennium BCE introduced many novel and luxurious goods to the local populations of the Western Mediterranean. Among them, black-appearing glass beads are characteristic of indigenous female burials in Southern Portugal during the 6th century BCE. This study presents the results of the first comprehensive archaeometric investigation of black-appearing glass from Vinha das Caliças 4 (Portugal), and of black-appearing glass from the Iberian Peninsula in general. A multi-analytical approach employing Stereomicroscopic observation of manufacture and use traces, VP-SEM-EDS, μ-XRD, and LA-ICP-MS was used to cover a wide range of questions regarding technology and provenance. All analysed samples are natron glass. All samples of black and white beads are characterized by high Zr and low Sr values typically ascribed to the use of Egyptian sands. A comparison of the results of previous studies from the same site clearly demonstrates at least two geochemical provenances for Phoenician-traded glass beads, located in the Levantine region and Egypt, respectively. Furthermore, different colours of glass in individual polychrome beads exhibit similar trace element patterns, which might suggest these beads could have been produced close to glassmaking sites/regions. |
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| issn | 2571-9408 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:13:10Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-1796f00acf6c44b793dbb8ebc29fcd8e2024-03-27T13:44:02ZengMDPI AGHeritage2571-94082024-02-01731265129710.3390/heritage7030061An Archaeometric Analysis of Black-Appearing Iron Age Glass Beads from Vinha das Caliças 4 (Portugal)Valentina Lončarić0Ana Margarida Arruda1Pedro Barrulas2Mafalda Costa3HERCULES Laboratory, University of Évora, Palácio do Vimoso, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809 Évora, PortugalUNIARQ—Centre for Archaeology of the University of Lisbon, School of Arts and Humanities, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1600-214 Lisbon, PortugalHERCULES Laboratory, University of Évora, Palácio do Vimoso, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809 Évora, PortugalHERCULES Laboratory, University of Évora, Palácio do Vimoso, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809 Évora, PortugalPhoenician colonisation of the Iberian Peninsula in the 1st millennium BCE introduced many novel and luxurious goods to the local populations of the Western Mediterranean. Among them, black-appearing glass beads are characteristic of indigenous female burials in Southern Portugal during the 6th century BCE. This study presents the results of the first comprehensive archaeometric investigation of black-appearing glass from Vinha das Caliças 4 (Portugal), and of black-appearing glass from the Iberian Peninsula in general. A multi-analytical approach employing Stereomicroscopic observation of manufacture and use traces, VP-SEM-EDS, μ-XRD, and LA-ICP-MS was used to cover a wide range of questions regarding technology and provenance. All analysed samples are natron glass. All samples of black and white beads are characterized by high Zr and low Sr values typically ascribed to the use of Egyptian sands. A comparison of the results of previous studies from the same site clearly demonstrates at least two geochemical provenances for Phoenician-traded glass beads, located in the Levantine region and Egypt, respectively. Furthermore, different colours of glass in individual polychrome beads exhibit similar trace element patterns, which might suggest these beads could have been produced close to glassmaking sites/regions.https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/7/3/61Iron Age glassblack-appearing glassPhoeniciansIberian Peninsulatrace element analysisVP-SEM-EDS |
| spellingShingle | Valentina Lončarić Ana Margarida Arruda Pedro Barrulas Mafalda Costa An Archaeometric Analysis of Black-Appearing Iron Age Glass Beads from Vinha das Caliças 4 (Portugal) Heritage Iron Age glass black-appearing glass Phoenicians Iberian Peninsula trace element analysis VP-SEM-EDS |
| title | An Archaeometric Analysis of Black-Appearing Iron Age Glass Beads from Vinha das Caliças 4 (Portugal) |
| title_full | An Archaeometric Analysis of Black-Appearing Iron Age Glass Beads from Vinha das Caliças 4 (Portugal) |
| title_fullStr | An Archaeometric Analysis of Black-Appearing Iron Age Glass Beads from Vinha das Caliças 4 (Portugal) |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Archaeometric Analysis of Black-Appearing Iron Age Glass Beads from Vinha das Caliças 4 (Portugal) |
| title_short | An Archaeometric Analysis of Black-Appearing Iron Age Glass Beads from Vinha das Caliças 4 (Portugal) |
| title_sort | archaeometric analysis of black appearing iron age glass beads from vinha das calicas 4 portugal |
| topic | Iron Age glass black-appearing glass Phoenicians Iberian Peninsula trace element analysis VP-SEM-EDS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/7/3/61 |
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