Application of Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing to Investigate the Cytotoxic Effects of Andrographolide on U-87 MG Glioblastoma Cell Migration and Apoptosis
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. In recent studies, the efficacy of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) has been investigated for GBM. We explored the effects of two exploratory compounds, the histone deacetylase SAHA and the natural p...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2019-05-01
|
| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/10/2275 |
| _version_ | 1798040307100549120 |
|---|---|
| author | Sheng-Po Chiu Buyandelger Batsaikhan Huei-Mei Huang Jia-Yi Wang |
| author_facet | Sheng-Po Chiu Buyandelger Batsaikhan Huei-Mei Huang Jia-Yi Wang |
| author_sort | Sheng-Po Chiu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. In recent studies, the efficacy of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) has been investigated for GBM. We explored the effects of two exploratory compounds, the histone deacetylase SAHA and the natural product andrographolide, on Uppsala 87 Malignant Glioma (U-87 MG) cell migration and viability in comparison with the clinically used therapeutic agent temozolomide (TMZ).<b><i> </i></b>We used the electric cell–substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) system to monitor the migration of U-87 MG cells after treatment with various concentrations of these compounds. Moreover, we used the Alamar blue assay and western blotting to observe the concentration-dependent changes in the viability and apoptosis of U-87 MG cells.<b> </b>Our results demonstrated that both SAHA and andrographolide (10–300 μM) significantly inhibited GBM cell migration in a concentration-dependent manner, and 10 μM SAHA and 56 μM andrographolide demonstrated remarkable inhibitory effects on U-87 MG migration. Western blotting indicated that compared with TMZ, both SAHA and andrographolide induced higher expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins, such as caspase-3, BAX, and PARP in U-87 MG cells. Furthermore, all three drugs downregulated the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. In conclusion, SAHA and andrographolide showed exceptional results in inhibiting cell migration and motility. The ECIS wound healing assay is a powerful technique to identify and screen potential therapeutic agents that can inhibit cancer cell migration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:05:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-17b90af6542549879c57fe1e576ca520 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:05:48Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-17b90af6542549879c57fe1e576ca5202022-12-22T04:00:43ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202019-05-011910227510.3390/s19102275s19102275Application of Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing to Investigate the Cytotoxic Effects of Andrographolide on U-87 MG Glioblastoma Cell Migration and ApoptosisSheng-Po Chiu0Buyandelger Batsaikhan1Huei-Mei Huang2Jia-Yi Wang3Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. In recent studies, the efficacy of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) has been investigated for GBM. We explored the effects of two exploratory compounds, the histone deacetylase SAHA and the natural product andrographolide, on Uppsala 87 Malignant Glioma (U-87 MG) cell migration and viability in comparison with the clinically used therapeutic agent temozolomide (TMZ).<b><i> </i></b>We used the electric cell–substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) system to monitor the migration of U-87 MG cells after treatment with various concentrations of these compounds. Moreover, we used the Alamar blue assay and western blotting to observe the concentration-dependent changes in the viability and apoptosis of U-87 MG cells.<b> </b>Our results demonstrated that both SAHA and andrographolide (10–300 μM) significantly inhibited GBM cell migration in a concentration-dependent manner, and 10 μM SAHA and 56 μM andrographolide demonstrated remarkable inhibitory effects on U-87 MG migration. Western blotting indicated that compared with TMZ, both SAHA and andrographolide induced higher expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins, such as caspase-3, BAX, and PARP in U-87 MG cells. Furthermore, all three drugs downregulated the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. In conclusion, SAHA and andrographolide showed exceptional results in inhibiting cell migration and motility. The ECIS wound healing assay is a powerful technique to identify and screen potential therapeutic agents that can inhibit cancer cell migration.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/10/2275ECISandrographolidetemozolomidesuberoylanilide hydroxamic acidglioblastoma multiforme |
| spellingShingle | Sheng-Po Chiu Buyandelger Batsaikhan Huei-Mei Huang Jia-Yi Wang Application of Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing to Investigate the Cytotoxic Effects of Andrographolide on U-87 MG Glioblastoma Cell Migration and Apoptosis Sensors ECIS andrographolide temozolomide suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid glioblastoma multiforme |
| title | Application of Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing to Investigate the Cytotoxic Effects of Andrographolide on U-87 MG Glioblastoma Cell Migration and Apoptosis |
| title_full | Application of Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing to Investigate the Cytotoxic Effects of Andrographolide on U-87 MG Glioblastoma Cell Migration and Apoptosis |
| title_fullStr | Application of Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing to Investigate the Cytotoxic Effects of Andrographolide on U-87 MG Glioblastoma Cell Migration and Apoptosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing to Investigate the Cytotoxic Effects of Andrographolide on U-87 MG Glioblastoma Cell Migration and Apoptosis |
| title_short | Application of Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing to Investigate the Cytotoxic Effects of Andrographolide on U-87 MG Glioblastoma Cell Migration and Apoptosis |
| title_sort | application of electric cell substrate impedance sensing to investigate the cytotoxic effects of andrographolide on u 87 mg glioblastoma cell migration and apoptosis |
| topic | ECIS andrographolide temozolomide suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid glioblastoma multiforme |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/10/2275 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shengpochiu applicationofelectriccellsubstrateimpedancesensingtoinvestigatethecytotoxiceffectsofandrographolideonu87mgglioblastomacellmigrationandapoptosis AT buyandelgerbatsaikhan applicationofelectriccellsubstrateimpedancesensingtoinvestigatethecytotoxiceffectsofandrographolideonu87mgglioblastomacellmigrationandapoptosis AT hueimeihuang applicationofelectriccellsubstrateimpedancesensingtoinvestigatethecytotoxiceffectsofandrographolideonu87mgglioblastomacellmigrationandapoptosis AT jiayiwang applicationofelectriccellsubstrateimpedancesensingtoinvestigatethecytotoxiceffectsofandrographolideonu87mgglioblastomacellmigrationandapoptosis |