Do Ty3/Gypsy Transposable Elements Play Preferential Roles in Sex Chromosome Differentiation?
Transposable elements (TEs) comprise a substantial portion of eukaryotic genomes. They have the unique ability to integrate into new locations and serve as the main source of genomic novelties by mediating chromosomal rearrangements and regulating portions of functional genes. Recent studies have re...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Life |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/4/522 |
| _version_ | 1827600122290110464 |
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| author | Kornsorn Srikulnath Syed Farhan Ahmad Worapong Singchat Thitipong Panthum |
| author_facet | Kornsorn Srikulnath Syed Farhan Ahmad Worapong Singchat Thitipong Panthum |
| author_sort | Kornsorn Srikulnath |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Transposable elements (TEs) comprise a substantial portion of eukaryotic genomes. They have the unique ability to integrate into new locations and serve as the main source of genomic novelties by mediating chromosomal rearrangements and regulating portions of functional genes. Recent studies have revealed that TEs are abundant in sex chromosomes. In this review, we propose evolutionary relationships between specific TEs, such as Ty3/Gypsy, and sex chromosomes in different lineages based on the hypothesis that these elements contributed to sex chromosome differentiation processes. We highlight how TEs can drive the dynamics of sex-determining regions via suppression recombination under a selective force to affect the organization and structural evolution of sex chromosomes. The abundance of TEs in the sex-determining regions originates from TE-poor genomic regions, suggesting a link between TE accumulation and the emergence of the sex-determining regions. TEs are generally considered to be a hallmark of chromosome degeneration. Finally, we outline recent approaches to identify TEs and study their sex-related roles and effects in the differentiation and evolution of sex chromosomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:29:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-17be2fb0074e4132ad15afaf46dc24a7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:29:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-17be2fb0074e4132ad15afaf46dc24a72023-12-03T13:37:02ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292022-04-0112452210.3390/life12040522Do Ty3/Gypsy Transposable Elements Play Preferential Roles in Sex Chromosome Differentiation?Kornsorn Srikulnath0Syed Farhan Ahmad1Worapong Singchat2Thitipong Panthum3Animal Genomics and Bioresource Research Unit (AGB Research Unit), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandAnimal Genomics and Bioresource Research Unit (AGB Research Unit), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandAnimal Genomics and Bioresource Research Unit (AGB Research Unit), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandAnimal Genomics and Bioresource Research Unit (AGB Research Unit), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandTransposable elements (TEs) comprise a substantial portion of eukaryotic genomes. They have the unique ability to integrate into new locations and serve as the main source of genomic novelties by mediating chromosomal rearrangements and regulating portions of functional genes. Recent studies have revealed that TEs are abundant in sex chromosomes. In this review, we propose evolutionary relationships between specific TEs, such as Ty3/Gypsy, and sex chromosomes in different lineages based on the hypothesis that these elements contributed to sex chromosome differentiation processes. We highlight how TEs can drive the dynamics of sex-determining regions via suppression recombination under a selective force to affect the organization and structural evolution of sex chromosomes. The abundance of TEs in the sex-determining regions originates from TE-poor genomic regions, suggesting a link between TE accumulation and the emergence of the sex-determining regions. TEs are generally considered to be a hallmark of chromosome degeneration. Finally, we outline recent approaches to identify TEs and study their sex-related roles and effects in the differentiation and evolution of sex chromosomes.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/4/522sex chromosomesex determinationsuppression recombinationtransposable elementTy3/Gypsy |
| spellingShingle | Kornsorn Srikulnath Syed Farhan Ahmad Worapong Singchat Thitipong Panthum Do Ty3/Gypsy Transposable Elements Play Preferential Roles in Sex Chromosome Differentiation? Life sex chromosome sex determination suppression recombination transposable element Ty3/Gypsy |
| title | Do Ty3/Gypsy Transposable Elements Play Preferential Roles in Sex Chromosome Differentiation? |
| title_full | Do Ty3/Gypsy Transposable Elements Play Preferential Roles in Sex Chromosome Differentiation? |
| title_fullStr | Do Ty3/Gypsy Transposable Elements Play Preferential Roles in Sex Chromosome Differentiation? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Do Ty3/Gypsy Transposable Elements Play Preferential Roles in Sex Chromosome Differentiation? |
| title_short | Do Ty3/Gypsy Transposable Elements Play Preferential Roles in Sex Chromosome Differentiation? |
| title_sort | do ty3 gypsy transposable elements play preferential roles in sex chromosome differentiation |
| topic | sex chromosome sex determination suppression recombination transposable element Ty3/Gypsy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/4/522 |
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