Impact of Recycled Concrete and Brick Aggregates on the Flexural and Bond Performance of Reinforced Concrete
The construction industry strongly relies on concrete and clay bricks for various applications. The escalating demand for these materials, driven by rapid population growth, has led to resource depletion and increased construction and demolition waste (CDW). Recycling CDW into construction materials...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/7/2719 |
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| author | Abdul Basit Rashid Hameed Safeer Abbas Muhammad Shoaib Karam Shaban Shahzad Syed Minhaj Saleem Kazmi Muhammad Junaid Munir |
| author_facet | Abdul Basit Rashid Hameed Safeer Abbas Muhammad Shoaib Karam Shaban Shahzad Syed Minhaj Saleem Kazmi Muhammad Junaid Munir |
| author_sort | Abdul Basit |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The construction industry strongly relies on concrete and clay bricks for various applications. The escalating demand for these materials, driven by rapid population growth, has led to resource depletion and increased construction and demolition waste (CDW). Recycling CDW into construction materials, particularly in the form of recycled concrete aggregates (RCAs) and recycled brick aggregates (RBAs), has emerged as a promising solution. This study deals with the structural performance of concrete incorporating RCAs and RBAs. The experimental program encompasses material characterization, concrete mix design, and several tests to assess density, compressive strength, bond behavior, and flexural properties. The results indicate that the replacement of fine natural aggregate (NA) with fine RCAs or RBAs has a negligible impact on density, while the partial replacement of coarse NAs with RAs yields modest reductions in compressive strength. Notably, the bond strength between steel rebar and concrete is influenced by the type and content of RA, with specimens containing RCAs exhibiting a higher bond strength than those with RBAs. Empirical models used to predict bond strength generally align with experimental results, with conservative predictions by some models, such as ACI 318, and overestimation by others, such as models proposed by AS-3600 and CEB-FIB. The flexural tests of beams highlight the variation in stiffness and load-bearing capacity with the proportion of NAs replaced by RAs. While beams with 50% NA replacement demonstrate comparable performance to control beams, those with 100% RA replacement exhibit lower cracking and yielding stiffness. Cracking patterns in beams with RAs differ from control beams, with RA-containing beams showing more cracks and an altered crack distribution. The findings underscore the feasibility of using recycled aggregates in construction, with partial NA replacement offering a balance between sustainable material usage and desired structural properties. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:49:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-17d67282ddca4b109f0e002189f808a4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:49:36Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-17d67282ddca4b109f0e002189f808a42024-04-12T13:14:37ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172024-03-01147271910.3390/app14072719Impact of Recycled Concrete and Brick Aggregates on the Flexural and Bond Performance of Reinforced ConcreteAbdul Basit0Rashid Hameed1Safeer Abbas2Muhammad Shoaib Karam3Shaban Shahzad4Syed Minhaj Saleem Kazmi5Muhammad Junaid Munir6Civil Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, PakistanCivil Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, PakistanCivil Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, PakistanDepartment of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Narowal Campus, Narowal 51601, PakistanCivil Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, PakistanGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaThe construction industry strongly relies on concrete and clay bricks for various applications. The escalating demand for these materials, driven by rapid population growth, has led to resource depletion and increased construction and demolition waste (CDW). Recycling CDW into construction materials, particularly in the form of recycled concrete aggregates (RCAs) and recycled brick aggregates (RBAs), has emerged as a promising solution. This study deals with the structural performance of concrete incorporating RCAs and RBAs. The experimental program encompasses material characterization, concrete mix design, and several tests to assess density, compressive strength, bond behavior, and flexural properties. The results indicate that the replacement of fine natural aggregate (NA) with fine RCAs or RBAs has a negligible impact on density, while the partial replacement of coarse NAs with RAs yields modest reductions in compressive strength. Notably, the bond strength between steel rebar and concrete is influenced by the type and content of RA, with specimens containing RCAs exhibiting a higher bond strength than those with RBAs. Empirical models used to predict bond strength generally align with experimental results, with conservative predictions by some models, such as ACI 318, and overestimation by others, such as models proposed by AS-3600 and CEB-FIB. The flexural tests of beams highlight the variation in stiffness and load-bearing capacity with the proportion of NAs replaced by RAs. While beams with 50% NA replacement demonstrate comparable performance to control beams, those with 100% RA replacement exhibit lower cracking and yielding stiffness. Cracking patterns in beams with RAs differ from control beams, with RA-containing beams showing more cracks and an altered crack distribution. The findings underscore the feasibility of using recycled aggregates in construction, with partial NA replacement offering a balance between sustainable material usage and desired structural properties.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/7/2719reinforced concreterecycled aggregatesbond strengthflexural performancesustainable practice |
| spellingShingle | Abdul Basit Rashid Hameed Safeer Abbas Muhammad Shoaib Karam Shaban Shahzad Syed Minhaj Saleem Kazmi Muhammad Junaid Munir Impact of Recycled Concrete and Brick Aggregates on the Flexural and Bond Performance of Reinforced Concrete Applied Sciences reinforced concrete recycled aggregates bond strength flexural performance sustainable practice |
| title | Impact of Recycled Concrete and Brick Aggregates on the Flexural and Bond Performance of Reinforced Concrete |
| title_full | Impact of Recycled Concrete and Brick Aggregates on the Flexural and Bond Performance of Reinforced Concrete |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Recycled Concrete and Brick Aggregates on the Flexural and Bond Performance of Reinforced Concrete |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Recycled Concrete and Brick Aggregates on the Flexural and Bond Performance of Reinforced Concrete |
| title_short | Impact of Recycled Concrete and Brick Aggregates on the Flexural and Bond Performance of Reinforced Concrete |
| title_sort | impact of recycled concrete and brick aggregates on the flexural and bond performance of reinforced concrete |
| topic | reinforced concrete recycled aggregates bond strength flexural performance sustainable practice |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/7/2719 |
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