The Regularities of Metal Transfer by a Nickel-Based Superalloy Tool during Friction Stir Processing of a Titanium Alloy Produced by Wire-Feed Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing
In this work, the interaction of an additively produced Ti-<sub>4</sub>Al-<sub>3</sub>V titanium alloy with a nickel superalloy tool and the features of the stir zone formation during friction stir processing have been studied. The stop-action technique was used to produce th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-01-01
|
| Series: | Metals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/14/1/105 |
| _version_ | 1797342912420249600 |
|---|---|
| author | Valery Rubtsov Andrey Chumaevskii Evgeny Knyazhev Veronika Utyaganova Denis Gurianov Alihan Amirov Andrey Cheremnov Evgeny Kolubaev |
| author_facet | Valery Rubtsov Andrey Chumaevskii Evgeny Knyazhev Veronika Utyaganova Denis Gurianov Alihan Amirov Andrey Cheremnov Evgeny Kolubaev |
| author_sort | Valery Rubtsov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this work, the interaction of an additively produced Ti-<sub>4</sub>Al-<sub>3</sub>V titanium alloy with a nickel superalloy tool and the features of the stir zone formation during friction stir processing have been studied. The stop-action technique was used to produce the samples to be studied using optical and scanning electron microscopy methods, as well as microhardness measurements. As a result, it was revealed that the tool, when moving, forms a pre-deformed area in front of it, which is characterized by a fine-grained structure. The presence of an interface layer between the workpiece material and primary fragmentation by the tool was revealed. It was demonstrated that the transfer of titanium alloy material occurs periodically following the ratio of feeding speed to tool rotation rate. Metal flow around the tool can occur in both laminar and vortex modes, as indicated by the tool material stirred into the transfer layer and used as a marker. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:40:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-17ec0f54b75d4777ba649c69063fd1fc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:40:03Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-17ec0f54b75d4777ba649c69063fd1fc2024-01-26T17:41:36ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012024-01-0114110510.3390/met14010105The Regularities of Metal Transfer by a Nickel-Based Superalloy Tool during Friction Stir Processing of a Titanium Alloy Produced by Wire-Feed Electron Beam Additive ManufacturingValery Rubtsov0Andrey Chumaevskii1Evgeny Knyazhev2Veronika Utyaganova3Denis Gurianov4Alihan Amirov5Andrey Cheremnov6Evgeny Kolubaev7Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, RussiaInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, RussiaInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, RussiaInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, RussiaInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, RussiaInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, RussiaInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, RussiaInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, RussiaIn this work, the interaction of an additively produced Ti-<sub>4</sub>Al-<sub>3</sub>V titanium alloy with a nickel superalloy tool and the features of the stir zone formation during friction stir processing have been studied. The stop-action technique was used to produce the samples to be studied using optical and scanning electron microscopy methods, as well as microhardness measurements. As a result, it was revealed that the tool, when moving, forms a pre-deformed area in front of it, which is characterized by a fine-grained structure. The presence of an interface layer between the workpiece material and primary fragmentation by the tool was revealed. It was demonstrated that the transfer of titanium alloy material occurs periodically following the ratio of feeding speed to tool rotation rate. Metal flow around the tool can occur in both laminar and vortex modes, as indicated by the tool material stirred into the transfer layer and used as a marker.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/14/1/105friction stir processingadditive manufacturingwiretitanium alloymaterial transfermicrostructure |
| spellingShingle | Valery Rubtsov Andrey Chumaevskii Evgeny Knyazhev Veronika Utyaganova Denis Gurianov Alihan Amirov Andrey Cheremnov Evgeny Kolubaev The Regularities of Metal Transfer by a Nickel-Based Superalloy Tool during Friction Stir Processing of a Titanium Alloy Produced by Wire-Feed Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing Metals friction stir processing additive manufacturing wire titanium alloy material transfer microstructure |
| title | The Regularities of Metal Transfer by a Nickel-Based Superalloy Tool during Friction Stir Processing of a Titanium Alloy Produced by Wire-Feed Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing |
| title_full | The Regularities of Metal Transfer by a Nickel-Based Superalloy Tool during Friction Stir Processing of a Titanium Alloy Produced by Wire-Feed Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing |
| title_fullStr | The Regularities of Metal Transfer by a Nickel-Based Superalloy Tool during Friction Stir Processing of a Titanium Alloy Produced by Wire-Feed Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Regularities of Metal Transfer by a Nickel-Based Superalloy Tool during Friction Stir Processing of a Titanium Alloy Produced by Wire-Feed Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing |
| title_short | The Regularities of Metal Transfer by a Nickel-Based Superalloy Tool during Friction Stir Processing of a Titanium Alloy Produced by Wire-Feed Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing |
| title_sort | regularities of metal transfer by a nickel based superalloy tool during friction stir processing of a titanium alloy produced by wire feed electron beam additive manufacturing |
| topic | friction stir processing additive manufacturing wire titanium alloy material transfer microstructure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/14/1/105 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT valeryrubtsov theregularitiesofmetaltransferbyanickelbasedsuperalloytoolduringfrictionstirprocessingofatitaniumalloyproducedbywirefeedelectronbeamadditivemanufacturing AT andreychumaevskii theregularitiesofmetaltransferbyanickelbasedsuperalloytoolduringfrictionstirprocessingofatitaniumalloyproducedbywirefeedelectronbeamadditivemanufacturing AT evgenyknyazhev theregularitiesofmetaltransferbyanickelbasedsuperalloytoolduringfrictionstirprocessingofatitaniumalloyproducedbywirefeedelectronbeamadditivemanufacturing AT veronikautyaganova theregularitiesofmetaltransferbyanickelbasedsuperalloytoolduringfrictionstirprocessingofatitaniumalloyproducedbywirefeedelectronbeamadditivemanufacturing AT denisgurianov theregularitiesofmetaltransferbyanickelbasedsuperalloytoolduringfrictionstirprocessingofatitaniumalloyproducedbywirefeedelectronbeamadditivemanufacturing AT alihanamirov theregularitiesofmetaltransferbyanickelbasedsuperalloytoolduringfrictionstirprocessingofatitaniumalloyproducedbywirefeedelectronbeamadditivemanufacturing AT andreycheremnov theregularitiesofmetaltransferbyanickelbasedsuperalloytoolduringfrictionstirprocessingofatitaniumalloyproducedbywirefeedelectronbeamadditivemanufacturing AT evgenykolubaev theregularitiesofmetaltransferbyanickelbasedsuperalloytoolduringfrictionstirprocessingofatitaniumalloyproducedbywirefeedelectronbeamadditivemanufacturing AT valeryrubtsov regularitiesofmetaltransferbyanickelbasedsuperalloytoolduringfrictionstirprocessingofatitaniumalloyproducedbywirefeedelectronbeamadditivemanufacturing AT andreychumaevskii regularitiesofmetaltransferbyanickelbasedsuperalloytoolduringfrictionstirprocessingofatitaniumalloyproducedbywirefeedelectronbeamadditivemanufacturing AT evgenyknyazhev regularitiesofmetaltransferbyanickelbasedsuperalloytoolduringfrictionstirprocessingofatitaniumalloyproducedbywirefeedelectronbeamadditivemanufacturing AT veronikautyaganova regularitiesofmetaltransferbyanickelbasedsuperalloytoolduringfrictionstirprocessingofatitaniumalloyproducedbywirefeedelectronbeamadditivemanufacturing AT denisgurianov regularitiesofmetaltransferbyanickelbasedsuperalloytoolduringfrictionstirprocessingofatitaniumalloyproducedbywirefeedelectronbeamadditivemanufacturing AT alihanamirov regularitiesofmetaltransferbyanickelbasedsuperalloytoolduringfrictionstirprocessingofatitaniumalloyproducedbywirefeedelectronbeamadditivemanufacturing AT andreycheremnov regularitiesofmetaltransferbyanickelbasedsuperalloytoolduringfrictionstirprocessingofatitaniumalloyproducedbywirefeedelectronbeamadditivemanufacturing AT evgenykolubaev regularitiesofmetaltransferbyanickelbasedsuperalloytoolduringfrictionstirprocessingofatitaniumalloyproducedbywirefeedelectronbeamadditivemanufacturing |