Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Extraction of Organic Solvents from Flunisolide and Fluticasone Propionate
In this work, Class 2 and Class 3 solvents contained in two corticosteroids, flunisolide (Fluni) and fluticasone propionate (Fluti), were reduced to a few ppm by supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> extraction. The process was carried out at pressures from 80 to 200 bar, temperatures of 40 °C an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/5/612 |
| _version_ | 1797536564276887552 |
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| author | Lucia Baldino Mariarosa Scognamiglio Ernesto Reverchon |
| author_facet | Lucia Baldino Mariarosa Scognamiglio Ernesto Reverchon |
| author_sort | Lucia Baldino |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this work, Class 2 and Class 3 solvents contained in two corticosteroids, flunisolide (Fluni) and fluticasone propionate (Fluti), were reduced to a few ppm by supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> extraction. The process was carried out at pressures from 80 to 200 bar, temperatures of 40 °C and 80 °C, and at a fixed CO<sub>2</sub> flow rate of 0.7 kg/h. The results demonstrated that CO<sub>2</sub> density is the key parameter influencing the extraction kinetics and the solvent final residue. In particular, in the range investigated, optimal pressure and temperature conditions for the extraction of residual organic solvents were found working at 200 bar and 40 °C, which corresponds to a CO<sub>2</sub> density of 0.840 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. Operating in this way, total organic solvent residues were reduced from 13,671 ppm and 326 ppm to 12 ppm and 10 ppm for Fluni and Fluti, respectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:01:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-17ee4648624a4f78ab80d3dffc9d30fa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:01:33Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-17ee4648624a4f78ab80d3dffc9d30fa2023-11-21T16:52:15ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232021-04-0113561210.3390/pharmaceutics13050612Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Extraction of Organic Solvents from Flunisolide and Fluticasone PropionateLucia Baldino0Mariarosa Scognamiglio1Ernesto Reverchon2Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, ItalyIn this work, Class 2 and Class 3 solvents contained in two corticosteroids, flunisolide (Fluni) and fluticasone propionate (Fluti), were reduced to a few ppm by supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> extraction. The process was carried out at pressures from 80 to 200 bar, temperatures of 40 °C and 80 °C, and at a fixed CO<sub>2</sub> flow rate of 0.7 kg/h. The results demonstrated that CO<sub>2</sub> density is the key parameter influencing the extraction kinetics and the solvent final residue. In particular, in the range investigated, optimal pressure and temperature conditions for the extraction of residual organic solvents were found working at 200 bar and 40 °C, which corresponds to a CO<sub>2</sub> density of 0.840 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. Operating in this way, total organic solvent residues were reduced from 13,671 ppm and 326 ppm to 12 ppm and 10 ppm for Fluni and Fluti, respectively.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/5/612supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> extractionflunisolidefluticasone propionateorganic solvent extractionactive pharmaceutical ingredients |
| spellingShingle | Lucia Baldino Mariarosa Scognamiglio Ernesto Reverchon Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Extraction of Organic Solvents from Flunisolide and Fluticasone Propionate Pharmaceutics supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> extraction flunisolide fluticasone propionate organic solvent extraction active pharmaceutical ingredients |
| title | Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Extraction of Organic Solvents from Flunisolide and Fluticasone Propionate |
| title_full | Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Extraction of Organic Solvents from Flunisolide and Fluticasone Propionate |
| title_fullStr | Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Extraction of Organic Solvents from Flunisolide and Fluticasone Propionate |
| title_full_unstemmed | Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Extraction of Organic Solvents from Flunisolide and Fluticasone Propionate |
| title_short | Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Extraction of Organic Solvents from Flunisolide and Fluticasone Propionate |
| title_sort | supercritical co sub 2 sub extraction of organic solvents from flunisolide and fluticasone propionate |
| topic | supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> extraction flunisolide fluticasone propionate organic solvent extraction active pharmaceutical ingredients |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/5/612 |
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