Genome Analyses of Two Blueberry Pathogens: <i>Diaporthe</i><i>amygdali</i> CAA958 and <i>Diaporthe eres</i> CBS 160.32
The genus <i>Diaporthe</i> includes pathogenic species distributed worldwide and affecting a wide variety of hosts. <i>Diaporthe amygdali</i> and <i>Diaporthe eres</i> have been found to cause cankers, dieback, or twig blights on economically important crops such...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/8/804 |
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| author | Sandra Hilário Micael F. M. Gonçalves Cátia Fidalgo Marta Tacão Artur Alves |
| author_facet | Sandra Hilário Micael F. M. Gonçalves Cátia Fidalgo Marta Tacão Artur Alves |
| author_sort | Sandra Hilário |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The genus <i>Diaporthe</i> includes pathogenic species distributed worldwide and affecting a wide variety of hosts. <i>Diaporthe amygdali</i> and <i>Diaporthe eres</i> have been found to cause cankers, dieback, or twig blights on economically important crops such as soybean, almond, grapevine, and blueberry. Despite their importance as plant pathogens, the strategies of species of <i>Diaporthe</i> to infect host plants are poorly explored. To provide a genomic basis of pathogenicity, the genomes of <i>D. amygdali</i> CAA958 and <i>D. eres</i> CBS 160.32 were sequenced and analyzed. Cellular transporters involved in the transport of toxins, ions, sugars, effectors, and genes implicated in pathogenicity were detected in both genomes. Hydrolases and oxidoreductases were the most prevalent carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes). However, analyses of the secreted proteins revealed that the secretome of <i>D. eres</i> CBS 160.32 is represented by 5.4% of CAZymes, whereas the secreted CAZymes repertoire of <i>D. amygdali</i> CAA958 represents 29.1% of all secretomes. Biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) encoding compounds related to phytotoxins and mycotoxins were detected in <i>D. eres</i> and <i>D. amygdali</i> genomes. The core gene clusters of the phytotoxin Fusicoccin A in <i>D. amygdali</i> are reported here through a genome-scale assembly. Comparative analyses of the genomes from 11 <i>Diaporthe</i> species revealed an average of 874 CAZymes, 101 secondary metabolite BGCs, 1640 secreted proteins per species, and genome sizes ranging from 51.5 to 63.6 Mbp. This study offers insights into the overall features and characteristics of <i>Diaporthe</i> genomes. Our findings enrich the knowledge about <i>D. eres</i> and <i>D. amygdali</i>, which will facilitate further research into the pathogenicity mechanisms of these species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:53:33Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:53:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-17f2ab2ac37d42439c4541cb531241092023-12-01T23:52:12ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2022-07-018880410.3390/jof8080804Genome Analyses of Two Blueberry Pathogens: <i>Diaporthe</i><i>amygdali</i> CAA958 and <i>Diaporthe eres</i> CBS 160.32Sandra Hilário0Micael F. M. Gonçalves1Cátia Fidalgo2Marta Tacão3Artur Alves4Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalCentre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalCentre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalCentre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalCentre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalThe genus <i>Diaporthe</i> includes pathogenic species distributed worldwide and affecting a wide variety of hosts. <i>Diaporthe amygdali</i> and <i>Diaporthe eres</i> have been found to cause cankers, dieback, or twig blights on economically important crops such as soybean, almond, grapevine, and blueberry. Despite their importance as plant pathogens, the strategies of species of <i>Diaporthe</i> to infect host plants are poorly explored. To provide a genomic basis of pathogenicity, the genomes of <i>D. amygdali</i> CAA958 and <i>D. eres</i> CBS 160.32 were sequenced and analyzed. Cellular transporters involved in the transport of toxins, ions, sugars, effectors, and genes implicated in pathogenicity were detected in both genomes. Hydrolases and oxidoreductases were the most prevalent carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes). However, analyses of the secreted proteins revealed that the secretome of <i>D. eres</i> CBS 160.32 is represented by 5.4% of CAZymes, whereas the secreted CAZymes repertoire of <i>D. amygdali</i> CAA958 represents 29.1% of all secretomes. Biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) encoding compounds related to phytotoxins and mycotoxins were detected in <i>D. eres</i> and <i>D. amygdali</i> genomes. The core gene clusters of the phytotoxin Fusicoccin A in <i>D. amygdali</i> are reported here through a genome-scale assembly. Comparative analyses of the genomes from 11 <i>Diaporthe</i> species revealed an average of 874 CAZymes, 101 secondary metabolite BGCs, 1640 secreted proteins per species, and genome sizes ranging from 51.5 to 63.6 Mbp. This study offers insights into the overall features and characteristics of <i>Diaporthe</i> genomes. Our findings enrich the knowledge about <i>D. eres</i> and <i>D. amygdali</i>, which will facilitate further research into the pathogenicity mechanisms of these species.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/8/804CAZymes<i>Diaporthe</i>effectorsFusicoccin Avirulence factorswhole genome sequencing |
| spellingShingle | Sandra Hilário Micael F. M. Gonçalves Cátia Fidalgo Marta Tacão Artur Alves Genome Analyses of Two Blueberry Pathogens: <i>Diaporthe</i><i>amygdali</i> CAA958 and <i>Diaporthe eres</i> CBS 160.32 Journal of Fungi CAZymes <i>Diaporthe</i> effectors Fusicoccin A virulence factors whole genome sequencing |
| title | Genome Analyses of Two Blueberry Pathogens: <i>Diaporthe</i><i>amygdali</i> CAA958 and <i>Diaporthe eres</i> CBS 160.32 |
| title_full | Genome Analyses of Two Blueberry Pathogens: <i>Diaporthe</i><i>amygdali</i> CAA958 and <i>Diaporthe eres</i> CBS 160.32 |
| title_fullStr | Genome Analyses of Two Blueberry Pathogens: <i>Diaporthe</i><i>amygdali</i> CAA958 and <i>Diaporthe eres</i> CBS 160.32 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome Analyses of Two Blueberry Pathogens: <i>Diaporthe</i><i>amygdali</i> CAA958 and <i>Diaporthe eres</i> CBS 160.32 |
| title_short | Genome Analyses of Two Blueberry Pathogens: <i>Diaporthe</i><i>amygdali</i> CAA958 and <i>Diaporthe eres</i> CBS 160.32 |
| title_sort | genome analyses of two blueberry pathogens i diaporthe i i amygdali i caa958 and i diaporthe eres i cbs 160 32 |
| topic | CAZymes <i>Diaporthe</i> effectors Fusicoccin A virulence factors whole genome sequencing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/8/804 |
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