Malaria after international travel: a GeoSentinel analysis, 2003–2016
Abstract Background More than 30,000 malaria cases are reported annually among international travellers. Despite improvements in malaria control, malaria continues to threaten travellers due to inaccurate perception of risk and sub-optimal pre-travel preparation. Methods Records with a confirmed mal...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-07-01
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| Series: | Malaria Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-017-1936-3 |
| _version_ | 1811266690402484224 |
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| author | Kristina M. Angelo Michael Libman Eric Caumes Davidson H. Hamer Kevin C. Kain Karin Leder Martin P. Grobusch Stefan H. Hagmann Phyllis Kozarsky David G. Lalloo Poh-Lian Lim Calvin Patimeteeporn Philippe Gautret Silvia Odolini François Chappuis Douglas H. Esposito for the GeoSentinel Network |
| author_facet | Kristina M. Angelo Michael Libman Eric Caumes Davidson H. Hamer Kevin C. Kain Karin Leder Martin P. Grobusch Stefan H. Hagmann Phyllis Kozarsky David G. Lalloo Poh-Lian Lim Calvin Patimeteeporn Philippe Gautret Silvia Odolini François Chappuis Douglas H. Esposito for the GeoSentinel Network |
| author_sort | Kristina M. Angelo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background More than 30,000 malaria cases are reported annually among international travellers. Despite improvements in malaria control, malaria continues to threaten travellers due to inaccurate perception of risk and sub-optimal pre-travel preparation. Methods Records with a confirmed malaria diagnosis after travel from January 2003 to July 2016 were obtained from GeoSentinel, a global surveillance network of travel and tropical medicine providers that monitors travel-related morbidity. Records were excluded if exposure country was missing or unascertainable or if there was a concomitant acute diagnosis unrelated to malaria. Records were analyzed to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of international travellers with malaria. Results There were 5689 travellers included; 325 were children <18 years. More than half (53%) were visiting friends and relatives (VFRs). Most (83%) were exposed in sub-Saharan Africa. The median trip duration was 32 days (interquartile range 20–75); 53% did not have a pre-travel visit. More than half (62%) were hospitalized; children were hospitalized more frequently than adults (73 and 62%, respectively). Ninety-two per cent had a single Plasmodium species diagnosis, most frequently Plasmodium falciparum (4011; 76%). Travellers with P. falciparum were most frequently VFRs (60%). More than 40% of travellers with a trip duration ≤7 days had Plasmodium vivax. There were 444 (8%) travellers with severe malaria; 31 children had severe malaria. Twelve travellers died. Conclusion Malaria remains a serious threat to international travellers. Efforts must focus on preventive strategies aimed on children and VFRs, and chemoprophylaxis access and preventive measure adherence should be emphasized. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:47:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-18136b49f34f401d9342ae6c1394639c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2875 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:47:48Z |
| publishDate | 2017-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Malaria Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-18136b49f34f401d9342ae6c1394639c2022-12-22T03:17:12ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752017-07-011611910.1186/s12936-017-1936-3Malaria after international travel: a GeoSentinel analysis, 2003–2016Kristina M. Angelo0Michael Libman1Eric Caumes2Davidson H. Hamer3Kevin C. Kain4Karin Leder5Martin P. Grobusch6Stefan H. Hagmann7Phyllis Kozarsky8David G. Lalloo9Poh-Lian Lim10Calvin Patimeteeporn11Philippe Gautret12Silvia Odolini13François Chappuis14Douglas H. Esposito15for the GeoSentinel NetworkDivision of Global Migration and Quarantine, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionMcGill University Centre for Tropical DiseasesService des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Université Pierre et Marie CurieDepartment of Global Health and Center for Global Health and Development, Boston University School of Public HealthTropical Disease Unit, University of TorontoVictorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne HospitalCenter for Tropical and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of AmsterdamSteven and Alexandra Cohen Children’s Medical Center of New YorkDivision of Global Migration and Quarantine, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionLiverpool School of Tropical MedicineInstitute of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Tan Tock Seng HospitalDivision of Global Migration and Quarantine, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionUnité de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, Aix Marseille Université, Tropical IHU-Méditerranée InfectionDepartment of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Spedali Civili General HospitalGeneva University HospitalDivision of Global Migration and Quarantine, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAbstract Background More than 30,000 malaria cases are reported annually among international travellers. Despite improvements in malaria control, malaria continues to threaten travellers due to inaccurate perception of risk and sub-optimal pre-travel preparation. Methods Records with a confirmed malaria diagnosis after travel from January 2003 to July 2016 were obtained from GeoSentinel, a global surveillance network of travel and tropical medicine providers that monitors travel-related morbidity. Records were excluded if exposure country was missing or unascertainable or if there was a concomitant acute diagnosis unrelated to malaria. Records were analyzed to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of international travellers with malaria. Results There were 5689 travellers included; 325 were children <18 years. More than half (53%) were visiting friends and relatives (VFRs). Most (83%) were exposed in sub-Saharan Africa. The median trip duration was 32 days (interquartile range 20–75); 53% did not have a pre-travel visit. More than half (62%) were hospitalized; children were hospitalized more frequently than adults (73 and 62%, respectively). Ninety-two per cent had a single Plasmodium species diagnosis, most frequently Plasmodium falciparum (4011; 76%). Travellers with P. falciparum were most frequently VFRs (60%). More than 40% of travellers with a trip duration ≤7 days had Plasmodium vivax. There were 444 (8%) travellers with severe malaria; 31 children had severe malaria. Twelve travellers died. Conclusion Malaria remains a serious threat to international travellers. Efforts must focus on preventive strategies aimed on children and VFRs, and chemoprophylaxis access and preventive measure adherence should be emphasized.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-017-1936-3MalariaInternational travelPlasmodium sppGeoSentinel |
| spellingShingle | Kristina M. Angelo Michael Libman Eric Caumes Davidson H. Hamer Kevin C. Kain Karin Leder Martin P. Grobusch Stefan H. Hagmann Phyllis Kozarsky David G. Lalloo Poh-Lian Lim Calvin Patimeteeporn Philippe Gautret Silvia Odolini François Chappuis Douglas H. Esposito for the GeoSentinel Network Malaria after international travel: a GeoSentinel analysis, 2003–2016 Malaria Journal Malaria International travel Plasmodium spp GeoSentinel |
| title | Malaria after international travel: a GeoSentinel analysis, 2003–2016 |
| title_full | Malaria after international travel: a GeoSentinel analysis, 2003–2016 |
| title_fullStr | Malaria after international travel: a GeoSentinel analysis, 2003–2016 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Malaria after international travel: a GeoSentinel analysis, 2003–2016 |
| title_short | Malaria after international travel: a GeoSentinel analysis, 2003–2016 |
| title_sort | malaria after international travel a geosentinel analysis 2003 2016 |
| topic | Malaria International travel Plasmodium spp GeoSentinel |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-017-1936-3 |
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