Interventions to prevent obesity in school-aged children 6-18 years: An update of a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis including studies from 2015–2021
Summary: Background: Childhood obesity remains a global public health priority due to the enormous burden it generates. Recent surveillance data suggests there has been a sharp increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Cochrane review of childhood obesity pre...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-12-01
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| Series: | EClinicalMedicine |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589537022003650 |
| _version_ | 1798028799512674304 |
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| author | Rebecca K. Hodder Kate M. O'Brien Sasha Lorien Luke Wolfenden Theresa H.M. Moore Alix Hall Sze Lin Yoong Carolyn Summerbell |
| author_facet | Rebecca K. Hodder Kate M. O'Brien Sasha Lorien Luke Wolfenden Theresa H.M. Moore Alix Hall Sze Lin Yoong Carolyn Summerbell |
| author_sort | Rebecca K. Hodder |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Summary: Background: Childhood obesity remains a global public health priority due to the enormous burden it generates. Recent surveillance data suggests there has been a sharp increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Cochrane review of childhood obesity prevention interventions (0–18 years) updated to 2015 is the most rigorous and comprehensive review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on this topic. A burgeoning number of high quality studies have been published since that are yet to be synthesised. Methods: An update of the Cochrane systematic review was conducted to include RCT studies in school-aged children (6-18 years) published to 30 June 2021 that assessed effectiveness on child weight (PROSPERO registration: CRD42020218928). Available cost-effectiveness and adverse effect data were extracted. Intervention effects on body mass index (BMI) were synthesised in random effects meta-analyses by setting (school, after-school program, community, home), and meta-regression examined the association of study characteristics with intervention effect. Findings: Meta-analysis of 140 of 195 included studies (183,063 participants) found a very small positive effect on body mass index for school-based studies (SMD –0·03, 95%CI –0·06,–0·01; trials = 93; participants = 131,443; moderate certainty evidence) but not after-school programs, community or home-based studies. Subgroup analysis by age (6–12 years; 13–18 years) found no differential effects in any setting. Meta-regression found no associations between study characteristics (including setting, income level) and intervention effect. Ten of 53 studies assessing adverse effects reported presence of an adverse event. Insufficient data was available to draw conclusions on cost-effectiveness. Interpretation: This updated synthesis of obesity prevention interventions for children aged 6–18 years, found a small beneficial impact on child BMI for school-based obesity prevention interventions. A more comprehensive assessment of interventions is required to identify mechanisms of effective interventions to inform future obesity prevention public health policy, which may be particularly salient in for COVID-19 recovery planning. Funding: This research was funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), Australia (Application No APP1153479). |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T19:14:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1814be059a7748dda26999d46bb477ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2589-5370 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T19:14:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | EClinicalMedicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-1814be059a7748dda26999d46bb477ba2022-12-22T04:07:28ZengElsevierEClinicalMedicine2589-53702022-12-0154101635Interventions to prevent obesity in school-aged children 6-18 years: An update of a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis including studies from 2015–2021Rebecca K. Hodder0Kate M. O'Brien1Sasha Lorien2Luke Wolfenden3Theresa H.M. Moore4Alix Hall5Sze Lin Yoong6Carolyn Summerbell7Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Locked Bag 10, Longworth Avenue, Wallsend, NSW 2287, Australia; College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; National Centre of Implementation Science, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, 29 Kookaburra Drive, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; Corresponding author at: C/- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend NSW 2287 Australia.Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Locked Bag 10, Longworth Avenue, Wallsend, NSW 2287, Australia; College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; National Centre of Implementation Science, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, 29 Kookaburra Drive, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, AustraliaHunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Locked Bag 10, Longworth Avenue, Wallsend, NSW 2287, Australia; College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; National Centre of Implementation Science, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, 29 Kookaburra Drive, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, AustraliaHunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Locked Bag 10, Longworth Avenue, Wallsend, NSW 2287, Australia; College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; National Centre of Implementation Science, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, 29 Kookaburra Drive, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, AustraliaThe National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West) at University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service Foundation Trust, Whitefriars, Lewins Mean, Bristol, BS1 2NT, United Kingdom; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Beacon House, Queens Road, Bristol, United KingdomHunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Locked Bag 10, Longworth Avenue, Wallsend, NSW 2287, Australia; College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; National Centre of Implementation Science, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, 29 Kookaburra Drive, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, AustraliaHunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Locked Bag 10, Longworth Avenue, Wallsend, NSW 2287, Australia; College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; National Centre of Implementation Science, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, 29 Kookaburra Drive, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, AustraliaDepartment of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom; Fuse, The NIHR Centre for Translational Research in Public Health, United KingdomSummary: Background: Childhood obesity remains a global public health priority due to the enormous burden it generates. Recent surveillance data suggests there has been a sharp increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Cochrane review of childhood obesity prevention interventions (0–18 years) updated to 2015 is the most rigorous and comprehensive review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on this topic. A burgeoning number of high quality studies have been published since that are yet to be synthesised. Methods: An update of the Cochrane systematic review was conducted to include RCT studies in school-aged children (6-18 years) published to 30 June 2021 that assessed effectiveness on child weight (PROSPERO registration: CRD42020218928). Available cost-effectiveness and adverse effect data were extracted. Intervention effects on body mass index (BMI) were synthesised in random effects meta-analyses by setting (school, after-school program, community, home), and meta-regression examined the association of study characteristics with intervention effect. Findings: Meta-analysis of 140 of 195 included studies (183,063 participants) found a very small positive effect on body mass index for school-based studies (SMD –0·03, 95%CI –0·06,–0·01; trials = 93; participants = 131,443; moderate certainty evidence) but not after-school programs, community or home-based studies. Subgroup analysis by age (6–12 years; 13–18 years) found no differential effects in any setting. Meta-regression found no associations between study characteristics (including setting, income level) and intervention effect. Ten of 53 studies assessing adverse effects reported presence of an adverse event. Insufficient data was available to draw conclusions on cost-effectiveness. Interpretation: This updated synthesis of obesity prevention interventions for children aged 6–18 years, found a small beneficial impact on child BMI for school-based obesity prevention interventions. A more comprehensive assessment of interventions is required to identify mechanisms of effective interventions to inform future obesity prevention public health policy, which may be particularly salient in for COVID-19 recovery planning. Funding: This research was funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), Australia (Application No APP1153479).http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589537022003650Childhood obesityPublic healthPreventionSystematic review |
| spellingShingle | Rebecca K. Hodder Kate M. O'Brien Sasha Lorien Luke Wolfenden Theresa H.M. Moore Alix Hall Sze Lin Yoong Carolyn Summerbell Interventions to prevent obesity in school-aged children 6-18 years: An update of a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis including studies from 2015–2021 EClinicalMedicine Childhood obesity Public health Prevention Systematic review |
| title | Interventions to prevent obesity in school-aged children 6-18 years: An update of a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis including studies from 2015–2021 |
| title_full | Interventions to prevent obesity in school-aged children 6-18 years: An update of a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis including studies from 2015–2021 |
| title_fullStr | Interventions to prevent obesity in school-aged children 6-18 years: An update of a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis including studies from 2015–2021 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interventions to prevent obesity in school-aged children 6-18 years: An update of a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis including studies from 2015–2021 |
| title_short | Interventions to prevent obesity in school-aged children 6-18 years: An update of a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis including studies from 2015–2021 |
| title_sort | interventions to prevent obesity in school aged children 6 18 years an update of a cochrane systematic review and meta analysis including studies from 2015 2021 |
| topic | Childhood obesity Public health Prevention Systematic review |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589537022003650 |
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