Uses of Papaya Leaf and Seaweed Supplementations for Controlling Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetes
Studies from laboratory animal models and complementary medical practices have implied that nutrients from special plants or herbs contain antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-obese, anti-hypertensive, and anti-inflammatory properties. Seaweed and tropical papaya, which are widely available in Asian and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/7/6846 |
| _version_ | 1797607624118632448 |
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| author | Benard B. Nyakundi Jinzeng Yang |
| author_facet | Benard B. Nyakundi Jinzeng Yang |
| author_sort | Benard B. Nyakundi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Studies from laboratory animal models and complementary medical practices have implied that nutrients from special plants or herbs contain antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-obese, anti-hypertensive, and anti-inflammatory properties. Seaweed and tropical papaya, which are widely available in Asian and Pacific countries, have been used as home remedies for centuries. The bioactive extracts from these plants contain vitamins A, C, B and E complexes, as well as polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, essential fatty acids, flavonoids, saponins, fucoidan, and phlorotannin. In this review, the authors examine the pathogenesis of diabetes characterized by hyperglycemia due to the dysregulation of glucose homeostasis, antidiabetic/antihyperglycemic seaweed or/and papaya derived bioactive phytochemicals and their proposed mechanisms of action in the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The authors also propose combining papaya and seaweed to enhance their antidiabetic effects, leveraging the advantages of herb-to-herb combination. Papaya and seaweed have demonstrated antidiabetic effects through in vitro assays, cellular models, and animal studies despite the limited clinical trials. Nutraceuticals with antidiabetic effects, such as secondary metabolites isolated from seaweed and papaya, could be combined for a synergistic effect on T2DM management. However, the application of these compounds in their purified or mixed forms require further scientific studies to evaluate their efficacy against diabetes-related complications, such as hyperlipidemia, elevated free radicals, pro-inflammatory molecules, insulin insensitivity, and the degeneration of pancreatic beta cells. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:33:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1823be54acc84095bfb58ffd476cfb98 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:33:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-1823be54acc84095bfb58ffd476cfb982023-11-17T16:56:53ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-04-01247684610.3390/ijms24076846Uses of Papaya Leaf and Seaweed Supplementations for Controlling Glucose Homeostasis in DiabetesBenard B. Nyakundi0Jinzeng Yang1Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USADepartment of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USAStudies from laboratory animal models and complementary medical practices have implied that nutrients from special plants or herbs contain antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-obese, anti-hypertensive, and anti-inflammatory properties. Seaweed and tropical papaya, which are widely available in Asian and Pacific countries, have been used as home remedies for centuries. The bioactive extracts from these plants contain vitamins A, C, B and E complexes, as well as polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, essential fatty acids, flavonoids, saponins, fucoidan, and phlorotannin. In this review, the authors examine the pathogenesis of diabetes characterized by hyperglycemia due to the dysregulation of glucose homeostasis, antidiabetic/antihyperglycemic seaweed or/and papaya derived bioactive phytochemicals and their proposed mechanisms of action in the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The authors also propose combining papaya and seaweed to enhance their antidiabetic effects, leveraging the advantages of herb-to-herb combination. Papaya and seaweed have demonstrated antidiabetic effects through in vitro assays, cellular models, and animal studies despite the limited clinical trials. Nutraceuticals with antidiabetic effects, such as secondary metabolites isolated from seaweed and papaya, could be combined for a synergistic effect on T2DM management. However, the application of these compounds in their purified or mixed forms require further scientific studies to evaluate their efficacy against diabetes-related complications, such as hyperlipidemia, elevated free radicals, pro-inflammatory molecules, insulin insensitivity, and the degeneration of pancreatic beta cells.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/7/6846bioactive compounddiabeteshyperglycemiaseaweed<i>Carica papaya</i>type 2 diabetes |
| spellingShingle | Benard B. Nyakundi Jinzeng Yang Uses of Papaya Leaf and Seaweed Supplementations for Controlling Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetes International Journal of Molecular Sciences bioactive compound diabetes hyperglycemia seaweed <i>Carica papaya</i> type 2 diabetes |
| title | Uses of Papaya Leaf and Seaweed Supplementations for Controlling Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetes |
| title_full | Uses of Papaya Leaf and Seaweed Supplementations for Controlling Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetes |
| title_fullStr | Uses of Papaya Leaf and Seaweed Supplementations for Controlling Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Uses of Papaya Leaf and Seaweed Supplementations for Controlling Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetes |
| title_short | Uses of Papaya Leaf and Seaweed Supplementations for Controlling Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetes |
| title_sort | uses of papaya leaf and seaweed supplementations for controlling glucose homeostasis in diabetes |
| topic | bioactive compound diabetes hyperglycemia seaweed <i>Carica papaya</i> type 2 diabetes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/7/6846 |
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