Geomagnetic field effects on the performance of 8-inch dynode photomultiplier tubes
Two different systems have been built to study the geomagnetic field effect on the performance of large area photomultiplier tubes. The main characteristics of photomultiplier tubes such as gain, collection efficiency, transition time spread and energy resolution were measured to investigate the eff...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1160388/full |
| _version_ | 1797803777067057152 |
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| author | Zaiwei Fu Feng Gao Wenwen Wang Jingkai Xia |
| author_facet | Zaiwei Fu Feng Gao Wenwen Wang Jingkai Xia |
| author_sort | Zaiwei Fu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Two different systems have been built to study the geomagnetic field effect on the performance of large area photomultiplier tubes. The main characteristics of photomultiplier tubes such as gain, collection efficiency, transition time spread and energy resolution were measured to investigate the effect. This study shows that both the dynode structure and the orientation of photomultiplier tubes have a large influence on the performance due to the geomagnetic field effect. Different methods were proposed and tested to reduce these effects. The results were obtained with and without high-permeability permalloy foil shielding. It is found that the effect of the geomagnetic field can be significantly reduced by the permalloy foil. The influence of the geomagnetic field under different installation geometries is also studied and discussed in this paper. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:26:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1825f5415ea74d0989e22814e5006dc7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-424X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:26:07Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-1825f5415ea74d0989e22814e5006dc72023-06-15T05:27:22ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physics2296-424X2023-06-011110.3389/fphy.2023.11603881160388Geomagnetic field effects on the performance of 8-inch dynode photomultiplier tubesZaiwei Fu0Feng Gao1Wenwen Wang2Jingkai Xia3China Nuclear Tongchuang (Shanghai) Technology Development Co., Ltd., Shanghai, ChinaUniversité libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, BelgiumHuawei Technologies Co., Ltd., Nanjing, ChinaCenter for Transformative Science, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, ChinaTwo different systems have been built to study the geomagnetic field effect on the performance of large area photomultiplier tubes. The main characteristics of photomultiplier tubes such as gain, collection efficiency, transition time spread and energy resolution were measured to investigate the effect. This study shows that both the dynode structure and the orientation of photomultiplier tubes have a large influence on the performance due to the geomagnetic field effect. Different methods were proposed and tested to reduce these effects. The results were obtained with and without high-permeability permalloy foil shielding. It is found that the effect of the geomagnetic field can be significantly reduced by the permalloy foil. The influence of the geomagnetic field under different installation geometries is also studied and discussed in this paper.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1160388/fulllarge area PMTgeomagnetic field effectshieldingdynode structureR5912 |
| spellingShingle | Zaiwei Fu Feng Gao Wenwen Wang Jingkai Xia Geomagnetic field effects on the performance of 8-inch dynode photomultiplier tubes Frontiers in Physics large area PMT geomagnetic field effect shielding dynode structure R5912 |
| title | Geomagnetic field effects on the performance of 8-inch dynode photomultiplier tubes |
| title_full | Geomagnetic field effects on the performance of 8-inch dynode photomultiplier tubes |
| title_fullStr | Geomagnetic field effects on the performance of 8-inch dynode photomultiplier tubes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Geomagnetic field effects on the performance of 8-inch dynode photomultiplier tubes |
| title_short | Geomagnetic field effects on the performance of 8-inch dynode photomultiplier tubes |
| title_sort | geomagnetic field effects on the performance of 8 inch dynode photomultiplier tubes |
| topic | large area PMT geomagnetic field effect shielding dynode structure R5912 |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1160388/full |
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