PER2 regulates odontoblastic differentiation of dental papilla cells in vitro via intracellular ATP content and reactive oxygen species levels
Background Dental papilla cells (DPCs) are one of the key stem cells for tooth development, eventually forming dentin and pulp. Previous studies have reported that PER2 is expressed in a 24-hour oscillatory pattern in DPCs in vitro. In vivo, PER2 is highly expressed in odontoblasts (which are differ...
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| Format: | Article |
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PeerJ Inc.
2023-12-01
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| Series: | PeerJ |
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/16489.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797398814953308160 |
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| author | Haozhen Ma Xinyue Sheng Wanting Chen Hongwen He Jiawei Liu Yifan He Fang Huang |
| author_facet | Haozhen Ma Xinyue Sheng Wanting Chen Hongwen He Jiawei Liu Yifan He Fang Huang |
| author_sort | Haozhen Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Dental papilla cells (DPCs) are one of the key stem cells for tooth development, eventually forming dentin and pulp. Previous studies have reported that PER2 is expressed in a 24-hour oscillatory pattern in DPCs in vitro. In vivo, PER2 is highly expressed in odontoblasts (which are differentiated from DPCs). However, whether PER2 modulates the odontogenic differentiation of DPCs is uncertain. This research was to identify the function of PER2 in the odontogenic differentiation of DPCs and preliminarily explore its mechanisms. Methods We monitored the expression of PER2 in DPCs differentiated in vivo. We used PER2 overexpression and knockdown studies to assess the role of PER2 in DPC differentiation and performed intracellular ATP content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays to further investigate the mechanism. Results PER2 expression was considerably elevated throughout the odontoblastic differentiation of DPCs in vivo. Overexpressing Per2 boosted levels of odontogenic differentiation markers, such as dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp), dentin matrix protein 1 (Dmp1), and alkaline phosphatase (Alp), and enhanced mineralized nodule formation in DPCs. Conversely, the downregulation of Per2 inhibited the differentiation of DPCs. Additionally, downregulating Per2 further affected intracellular ATP content and ROS levels during DPC differentiation. Conclusion Overall, we demonstrated that PER2 positively regulates the odontogenic differentiation of DPCs, and the mechanism may be related to mitochondrial function as shown by intracellular ATP content and ROS levels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:30:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-182863fb0010457591e6c21db9db73b4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:30:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
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| series | PeerJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-182863fb0010457591e6c21db9db73b42023-12-09T15:05:11ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592023-12-0111e1648910.7717/peerj.16489PER2 regulates odontoblastic differentiation of dental papilla cells in vitro via intracellular ATP content and reactive oxygen species levelsHaozhen MaXinyue ShengWanting ChenHongwen HeJiawei LiuYifan HeFang HuangBackground Dental papilla cells (DPCs) are one of the key stem cells for tooth development, eventually forming dentin and pulp. Previous studies have reported that PER2 is expressed in a 24-hour oscillatory pattern in DPCs in vitro. In vivo, PER2 is highly expressed in odontoblasts (which are differentiated from DPCs). However, whether PER2 modulates the odontogenic differentiation of DPCs is uncertain. This research was to identify the function of PER2 in the odontogenic differentiation of DPCs and preliminarily explore its mechanisms. Methods We monitored the expression of PER2 in DPCs differentiated in vivo. We used PER2 overexpression and knockdown studies to assess the role of PER2 in DPC differentiation and performed intracellular ATP content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays to further investigate the mechanism. Results PER2 expression was considerably elevated throughout the odontoblastic differentiation of DPCs in vivo. Overexpressing Per2 boosted levels of odontogenic differentiation markers, such as dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp), dentin matrix protein 1 (Dmp1), and alkaline phosphatase (Alp), and enhanced mineralized nodule formation in DPCs. Conversely, the downregulation of Per2 inhibited the differentiation of DPCs. Additionally, downregulating Per2 further affected intracellular ATP content and ROS levels during DPC differentiation. Conclusion Overall, we demonstrated that PER2 positively regulates the odontogenic differentiation of DPCs, and the mechanism may be related to mitochondrial function as shown by intracellular ATP content and ROS levels.https://peerj.com/articles/16489.pdfPER2Dental papilla cellsOdontoblastic differentiationTooth developmentIn vitroATP |
| spellingShingle | Haozhen Ma Xinyue Sheng Wanting Chen Hongwen He Jiawei Liu Yifan He Fang Huang PER2 regulates odontoblastic differentiation of dental papilla cells in vitro via intracellular ATP content and reactive oxygen species levels PeerJ PER2 Dental papilla cells Odontoblastic differentiation Tooth development In vitro ATP |
| title | PER2 regulates odontoblastic differentiation of dental papilla cells in vitro via intracellular ATP content and reactive oxygen species levels |
| title_full | PER2 regulates odontoblastic differentiation of dental papilla cells in vitro via intracellular ATP content and reactive oxygen species levels |
| title_fullStr | PER2 regulates odontoblastic differentiation of dental papilla cells in vitro via intracellular ATP content and reactive oxygen species levels |
| title_full_unstemmed | PER2 regulates odontoblastic differentiation of dental papilla cells in vitro via intracellular ATP content and reactive oxygen species levels |
| title_short | PER2 regulates odontoblastic differentiation of dental papilla cells in vitro via intracellular ATP content and reactive oxygen species levels |
| title_sort | per2 regulates odontoblastic differentiation of dental papilla cells in vitro via intracellular atp content and reactive oxygen species levels |
| topic | PER2 Dental papilla cells Odontoblastic differentiation Tooth development In vitro ATP |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/16489.pdf |
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