Network Analysis of RAD51 Proteins in Metazoa and the Evolutionary Relationships With Their Archaeal Homologs
The RAD51 (DNA repair protein RAD51) recombinases are essential for homologous recombination, DNA repair, and genome stability. Overexpression of RAD51 proteins has been observed in many cancer cells, such as thyroid carcinoma, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, and others. In Metazoa, there are mult...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Genetics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2018.00383/full |
| _version_ | 1818269271415848960 |
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| author | Shan Jiang Ting Lin Qingji Xie Lijing Wang |
| author_facet | Shan Jiang Ting Lin Qingji Xie Lijing Wang |
| author_sort | Shan Jiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The RAD51 (DNA repair protein RAD51) recombinases are essential for homologous recombination, DNA repair, and genome stability. Overexpression of RAD51 proteins has been observed in many cancer cells, such as thyroid carcinoma, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, and others. In Metazoa, there are multiple members of RAD51 (RAD51, RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D, DMC1) (DNA meiotic recombinase 1), XRCC2 (X-ray repair cross-complementing 2), and XRCC3. In this study, we used a protein sequence similarity network (SSN) to analyze the evolutionary relationship within this protein family. The SSN based on the RAD51 proteins from Metazoa indicated that there are several proteins that have yet to be functionally defined. The SSN based on the distribution of the proteins supports the hypothesis that horizontal gene transfer plays an important role in the evolution of RAD51 proteins. Multiple sequence alignments with structural information revealed that the amino acid residues for ATP and Mg2+ are highly conserved. The seven RAD51 proteins in humans are under different selective pressure: RAD51 and DMC1 are under stringent negative selection, while other proteins are subject to relatively relaxed negative selection. Furthermore, the expression levels of the seven genes in different tissues showed that the genes in the same cluster in the phylogenetic tree showed similar expression profiles. Finally, the SSN based on the RAD51 proteins from both eukaryotes and prokaryotes suggested that the eukaryotic RAD51 recombinases share a common ancestor with the archaeal homologs, but XRCC2 may have a different origin. These findings expand the understanding of the evolution and diversity of RAD51 recombinases in Metazoa. |
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| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-8021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:51:44Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-18322faeec9f428782aed66777c3ac5f2022-12-22T00:12:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212018-09-01910.3389/fgene.2018.00383410145Network Analysis of RAD51 Proteins in Metazoa and the Evolutionary Relationships With Their Archaeal HomologsShan JiangTing LinQingji XieLijing WangThe RAD51 (DNA repair protein RAD51) recombinases are essential for homologous recombination, DNA repair, and genome stability. Overexpression of RAD51 proteins has been observed in many cancer cells, such as thyroid carcinoma, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, and others. In Metazoa, there are multiple members of RAD51 (RAD51, RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D, DMC1) (DNA meiotic recombinase 1), XRCC2 (X-ray repair cross-complementing 2), and XRCC3. In this study, we used a protein sequence similarity network (SSN) to analyze the evolutionary relationship within this protein family. The SSN based on the RAD51 proteins from Metazoa indicated that there are several proteins that have yet to be functionally defined. The SSN based on the distribution of the proteins supports the hypothesis that horizontal gene transfer plays an important role in the evolution of RAD51 proteins. Multiple sequence alignments with structural information revealed that the amino acid residues for ATP and Mg2+ are highly conserved. The seven RAD51 proteins in humans are under different selective pressure: RAD51 and DMC1 are under stringent negative selection, while other proteins are subject to relatively relaxed negative selection. Furthermore, the expression levels of the seven genes in different tissues showed that the genes in the same cluster in the phylogenetic tree showed similar expression profiles. Finally, the SSN based on the RAD51 proteins from both eukaryotes and prokaryotes suggested that the eukaryotic RAD51 recombinases share a common ancestor with the archaeal homologs, but XRCC2 may have a different origin. These findings expand the understanding of the evolution and diversity of RAD51 recombinases in Metazoa.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2018.00383/fullRAD51Metazoaarchaeaevolutionnetwork |
| spellingShingle | Shan Jiang Ting Lin Qingji Xie Lijing Wang Network Analysis of RAD51 Proteins in Metazoa and the Evolutionary Relationships With Their Archaeal Homologs Frontiers in Genetics RAD51 Metazoa archaea evolution network |
| title | Network Analysis of RAD51 Proteins in Metazoa and the Evolutionary Relationships With Their Archaeal Homologs |
| title_full | Network Analysis of RAD51 Proteins in Metazoa and the Evolutionary Relationships With Their Archaeal Homologs |
| title_fullStr | Network Analysis of RAD51 Proteins in Metazoa and the Evolutionary Relationships With Their Archaeal Homologs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Network Analysis of RAD51 Proteins in Metazoa and the Evolutionary Relationships With Their Archaeal Homologs |
| title_short | Network Analysis of RAD51 Proteins in Metazoa and the Evolutionary Relationships With Their Archaeal Homologs |
| title_sort | network analysis of rad51 proteins in metazoa and the evolutionary relationships with their archaeal homologs |
| topic | RAD51 Metazoa archaea evolution network |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2018.00383/full |
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