Multifactorial examination of sex-differences in head injuries and concussions among collegiate soccer players: NCAA ISS, 2004–2009
Abstract Background While head injuries and concussions are major concerns among soccer players, the multifactorial nature of head injury observations in this group remains relatively undefined. We aim to extend previous analyses and examine sex-differences in the incidence of head injuries, odds of...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-10-01
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| Series: | Injury Epidemiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40621-017-0127-6 |
| _version_ | 1818146012171075584 |
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| author | Avinash Chandran Mary J. Barron Beverly J. Westerman Loretta DiPietro |
| author_facet | Avinash Chandran Mary J. Barron Beverly J. Westerman Loretta DiPietro |
| author_sort | Avinash Chandran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background While head injuries and concussions are major concerns among soccer players, the multifactorial nature of head injury observations in this group remains relatively undefined. We aim to extend previous analyses and examine sex-differences in the incidence of head injuries, odds of head injuries within an injured sample, and severity of head injuries, among collegiate soccer players between 2004 and 2009. Methods Data collected within the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Injury Surveillance System (ISS) between the years of 2004 and 2009, were analyzed in this study. Unadjusted rate ratios (RR), compared incidence rates between categories of sex, injury mechanism, setting and competition level. We also examined sex-differences in head injury incidence rates, across categories of the other covariates. Multivariable logistic regression and negative binomial regression modeling tested the relation between sex and head injury corollaries, while controlling for contact, setting, and competition level. Results Between 2004 and 2009, head injuries accounted for approximately 11% of all soccer-related injuries reported within the NCAA-ISS. The rate of head injuries among women was higher than among men (RR = 1.23, 95% CI = [1.08, 1.41]). The rate of head injuries due to player-to-player contact was comparable between women and men (RR = 0.95, 95% CI = [0.81, 1.11]). Whereas, the rate of injury due to contact with apparatus (ball/goal) was nearly 2.5 times higher (RR = 2.46, 95% CI = [1.76, 3.44]) and the rate due to contact with a playing surface was over two times higher (RR = 2.29, 95% CI = [1.34, 3.91]) in women than in men. In our multifactorial models, we also observed that the association between sex and head injury corollaries varied by injury mechanism. Conclusions Sex-differences in the incidence, odds (given an injury), and severity (concussion diagnosis, time-loss) of head injuries varied by injury mechanism (player-to-player contact vs. all other mechanisms) in this sample. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T12:12:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-18360620c49e462fbd5d804e811e9205 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2197-1714 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T12:12:35Z |
| publishDate | 2017-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Injury Epidemiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-18360620c49e462fbd5d804e811e92052022-12-22T01:07:44ZengBMCInjury Epidemiology2197-17142017-10-01411810.1186/s40621-017-0127-6Multifactorial examination of sex-differences in head injuries and concussions among collegiate soccer players: NCAA ISS, 2004–2009Avinash Chandran0Mary J. Barron1Beverly J. Westerman2Loretta DiPietro3Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington UniversityDepartment of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington UniversityDepartment of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington UniversityDepartment of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington UniversityAbstract Background While head injuries and concussions are major concerns among soccer players, the multifactorial nature of head injury observations in this group remains relatively undefined. We aim to extend previous analyses and examine sex-differences in the incidence of head injuries, odds of head injuries within an injured sample, and severity of head injuries, among collegiate soccer players between 2004 and 2009. Methods Data collected within the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Injury Surveillance System (ISS) between the years of 2004 and 2009, were analyzed in this study. Unadjusted rate ratios (RR), compared incidence rates between categories of sex, injury mechanism, setting and competition level. We also examined sex-differences in head injury incidence rates, across categories of the other covariates. Multivariable logistic regression and negative binomial regression modeling tested the relation between sex and head injury corollaries, while controlling for contact, setting, and competition level. Results Between 2004 and 2009, head injuries accounted for approximately 11% of all soccer-related injuries reported within the NCAA-ISS. The rate of head injuries among women was higher than among men (RR = 1.23, 95% CI = [1.08, 1.41]). The rate of head injuries due to player-to-player contact was comparable between women and men (RR = 0.95, 95% CI = [0.81, 1.11]). Whereas, the rate of injury due to contact with apparatus (ball/goal) was nearly 2.5 times higher (RR = 2.46, 95% CI = [1.76, 3.44]) and the rate due to contact with a playing surface was over two times higher (RR = 2.29, 95% CI = [1.34, 3.91]) in women than in men. In our multifactorial models, we also observed that the association between sex and head injury corollaries varied by injury mechanism. Conclusions Sex-differences in the incidence, odds (given an injury), and severity (concussion diagnosis, time-loss) of head injuries varied by injury mechanism (player-to-player contact vs. all other mechanisms) in this sample.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40621-017-0127-6Injury epidemiologyFootball (soccer)Head injuriesNCAAISS |
| spellingShingle | Avinash Chandran Mary J. Barron Beverly J. Westerman Loretta DiPietro Multifactorial examination of sex-differences in head injuries and concussions among collegiate soccer players: NCAA ISS, 2004–2009 Injury Epidemiology Injury epidemiology Football (soccer) Head injuries NCAA ISS |
| title | Multifactorial examination of sex-differences in head injuries and concussions among collegiate soccer players: NCAA ISS, 2004–2009 |
| title_full | Multifactorial examination of sex-differences in head injuries and concussions among collegiate soccer players: NCAA ISS, 2004–2009 |
| title_fullStr | Multifactorial examination of sex-differences in head injuries and concussions among collegiate soccer players: NCAA ISS, 2004–2009 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multifactorial examination of sex-differences in head injuries and concussions among collegiate soccer players: NCAA ISS, 2004–2009 |
| title_short | Multifactorial examination of sex-differences in head injuries and concussions among collegiate soccer players: NCAA ISS, 2004–2009 |
| title_sort | multifactorial examination of sex differences in head injuries and concussions among collegiate soccer players ncaa iss 2004 2009 |
| topic | Injury epidemiology Football (soccer) Head injuries NCAA ISS |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40621-017-0127-6 |
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