Application of the Doppler Spectrum of the Backscattering Microwave Signal for Monitoring of Ice Cover: A Theoretical View
In the radar remote sensing of sea ice, the main informative parameter is the backscattering radar cross section (RCS), which does not always make it possible to unambiguously determine the kind of scattering surface (ice/sea waves) and therefore leads to errors in estimating the area of the ice cov...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/10/2331 |
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| author | Vladimir Karaev Yury Titchenko Maria Panfilova Maria Ryabkova Eugeny Meshkov Kirill Ponur |
| author_facet | Vladimir Karaev Yury Titchenko Maria Panfilova Maria Ryabkova Eugeny Meshkov Kirill Ponur |
| author_sort | Vladimir Karaev |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the radar remote sensing of sea ice, the main informative parameter is the backscattering radar cross section (RCS), which does not always make it possible to unambiguously determine the kind of scattering surface (ice/sea waves) and therefore leads to errors in estimating the area of the ice cover. This paper provides a discussion of the possibility of using the Doppler spectrum of the reflected microwave signal to solve this problem. For the first time, a semi-empirical model of the Doppler spectrum of a radar microwave signal reflected by an ice cover was developed for a radar with a wide antenna beam mounted on a moving carrier at small incidence angles of electromagnetic waves (0°–19°). To describe the Doppler spectrum of the reflected microwave signal, the following parameters were used: shift and width of the Doppler spectrum, as well as skewness and kurtosis coefficients. Research was conducted on the influence of the main parameters of the measurement scheme (movement velocity, width of antenna beam, sounding direction, incidence angle) and the sea ice concentration (SIC) on the parameters of the Doppler spectrum. It was shown that, in order to determine the kind of scattering surface, it is necessary to use a wide or knife-like (by the incidence angle) antenna. Calculations confirmed the assumption that, when measured from a moving carrier, the Doppler spectrum is a reliable indicator of the transition from one kind of scattering surface to another. The advantage of using the coefficients of skewness and kurtosis in the analysis is that it is not necessary to keep the radar velocity unchanged during the measurement process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:56:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1836da8b18024e3fafe1b49adb185df4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:56:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-1836da8b18024e3fafe1b49adb185df42023-11-23T12:54:24ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922022-05-011410233110.3390/rs14102331Application of the Doppler Spectrum of the Backscattering Microwave Signal for Monitoring of Ice Cover: A Theoretical ViewVladimir Karaev0Yury Titchenko1Maria Panfilova2Maria Ryabkova3Eugeny Meshkov4Kirill Ponur5Federal Research Center Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IAP RAS), 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaFederal Research Center Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IAP RAS), 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaFederal Research Center Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IAP RAS), 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaFederal Research Center Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IAP RAS), 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaFederal Research Center Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IAP RAS), 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaFederal Research Center Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IAP RAS), 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaIn the radar remote sensing of sea ice, the main informative parameter is the backscattering radar cross section (RCS), which does not always make it possible to unambiguously determine the kind of scattering surface (ice/sea waves) and therefore leads to errors in estimating the area of the ice cover. This paper provides a discussion of the possibility of using the Doppler spectrum of the reflected microwave signal to solve this problem. For the first time, a semi-empirical model of the Doppler spectrum of a radar microwave signal reflected by an ice cover was developed for a radar with a wide antenna beam mounted on a moving carrier at small incidence angles of electromagnetic waves (0°–19°). To describe the Doppler spectrum of the reflected microwave signal, the following parameters were used: shift and width of the Doppler spectrum, as well as skewness and kurtosis coefficients. Research was conducted on the influence of the main parameters of the measurement scheme (movement velocity, width of antenna beam, sounding direction, incidence angle) and the sea ice concentration (SIC) on the parameters of the Doppler spectrum. It was shown that, in order to determine the kind of scattering surface, it is necessary to use a wide or knife-like (by the incidence angle) antenna. Calculations confirmed the assumption that, when measured from a moving carrier, the Doppler spectrum is a reliable indicator of the transition from one kind of scattering surface to another. The advantage of using the coefficients of skewness and kurtosis in the analysis is that it is not necessary to keep the radar velocity unchanged during the measurement process.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/10/2331Doppler spectrum of the reflected microwave signalice coversea wavesantenna beamwidth and shift of the Doppler spectrumskewness and kurtosis coefficients |
| spellingShingle | Vladimir Karaev Yury Titchenko Maria Panfilova Maria Ryabkova Eugeny Meshkov Kirill Ponur Application of the Doppler Spectrum of the Backscattering Microwave Signal for Monitoring of Ice Cover: A Theoretical View Remote Sensing Doppler spectrum of the reflected microwave signal ice cover sea waves antenna beam width and shift of the Doppler spectrum skewness and kurtosis coefficients |
| title | Application of the Doppler Spectrum of the Backscattering Microwave Signal for Monitoring of Ice Cover: A Theoretical View |
| title_full | Application of the Doppler Spectrum of the Backscattering Microwave Signal for Monitoring of Ice Cover: A Theoretical View |
| title_fullStr | Application of the Doppler Spectrum of the Backscattering Microwave Signal for Monitoring of Ice Cover: A Theoretical View |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of the Doppler Spectrum of the Backscattering Microwave Signal for Monitoring of Ice Cover: A Theoretical View |
| title_short | Application of the Doppler Spectrum of the Backscattering Microwave Signal for Monitoring of Ice Cover: A Theoretical View |
| title_sort | application of the doppler spectrum of the backscattering microwave signal for monitoring of ice cover a theoretical view |
| topic | Doppler spectrum of the reflected microwave signal ice cover sea waves antenna beam width and shift of the Doppler spectrum skewness and kurtosis coefficients |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/10/2331 |
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