Swine Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome Is Associated with Plasma Metabolites and Liver Transcriptome in Affected Piglets
Swine Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome can lead to severe clinical signs, especially in tails, ears, teats, and claws in pigs. Clinical and histopathological findings in newborn piglets with intact epidermis indicate a primarily endogenous etiology, and microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAM...
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| author | Robert Ringseis Denise K. Gessner Frederik Loewenstein Josef Kuehling Sabrina Becker Hermann Willems Mirjam Lechner Klaus Eder Gerald Reiner |
| author_facet | Robert Ringseis Denise K. Gessner Frederik Loewenstein Josef Kuehling Sabrina Becker Hermann Willems Mirjam Lechner Klaus Eder Gerald Reiner |
| author_sort | Robert Ringseis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Swine Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome can lead to severe clinical signs, especially in tails, ears, teats, and claws in pigs. Clinical and histopathological findings in newborn piglets with intact epidermis indicate a primarily endogenous etiology, and microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are assumed to play a central role in the development of the syndrome. We hypothesized that swine inflammation and necrosis syndrome (SINS) is indirectly triggered by gut-derived MAMPs entering the circulatory system via the liver and thereby causing derangements on liver metabolism. To test this hypothesis, metabolomes, candidate genes of the liver and liver transcriptomes of 6 piglets with high-grade clinical signs of SINS (SINS high) were examined and compared with 6 piglets without significant signs of SINS (SINS low). Several hepatic pro-inflammatory genes and genes involved in stress response were induced in piglets of the SINS high group. The most striking finding from hepatic transcript profiling and bioinformatic enrichment was that the most enriched biological processes associated with the approximately 220 genes induced in the liver of the SINS high group were exclusively related to metabolic pathways, such as fatty acid metabolic process. Within the genes (≈390) repressed in the liver of the SINS high group, enriched pathways were ribosome biogenesis, RNA processing, RNA splicing, spliceosome, and RNA transport. The transcriptomic findings were supported by the results of the metabolome analyses. These results provide the first evidence for the induction of an inflammatory process in the liver of piglets suffering from SINS, accompanied by lipid metabolic derangement. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:20:58Z |
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| id | doaj.art-183be6e7ed9e4b55ba1d1052c9165f1b |
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| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:20:58Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
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| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-183be6e7ed9e4b55ba1d1052c9165f1b2023-11-21T10:00:09ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152021-03-0111377210.3390/ani11030772Swine Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome Is Associated with Plasma Metabolites and Liver Transcriptome in Affected PigletsRobert Ringseis0Denise K. Gessner1Frederik Loewenstein2Josef Kuehling3Sabrina Becker4Hermann Willems5Mirjam Lechner6Klaus Eder7Gerald Reiner8Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, GermanyInstitute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, GermanyDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Clinic for Swine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 112, 35392 Giessen, GermanyDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Clinic for Swine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 112, 35392 Giessen, GermanyDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Clinic for Swine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 112, 35392 Giessen, GermanyDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Clinic for Swine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 112, 35392 Giessen, GermanyUEG Hohenlohe, Am Wasen 20, 91567 Herrieden, GermanyInstitute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, GermanyDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Clinic for Swine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 112, 35392 Giessen, GermanySwine Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome can lead to severe clinical signs, especially in tails, ears, teats, and claws in pigs. Clinical and histopathological findings in newborn piglets with intact epidermis indicate a primarily endogenous etiology, and microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are assumed to play a central role in the development of the syndrome. We hypothesized that swine inflammation and necrosis syndrome (SINS) is indirectly triggered by gut-derived MAMPs entering the circulatory system via the liver and thereby causing derangements on liver metabolism. To test this hypothesis, metabolomes, candidate genes of the liver and liver transcriptomes of 6 piglets with high-grade clinical signs of SINS (SINS high) were examined and compared with 6 piglets without significant signs of SINS (SINS low). Several hepatic pro-inflammatory genes and genes involved in stress response were induced in piglets of the SINS high group. The most striking finding from hepatic transcript profiling and bioinformatic enrichment was that the most enriched biological processes associated with the approximately 220 genes induced in the liver of the SINS high group were exclusively related to metabolic pathways, such as fatty acid metabolic process. Within the genes (≈390) repressed in the liver of the SINS high group, enriched pathways were ribosome biogenesis, RNA processing, RNA splicing, spliceosome, and RNA transport. The transcriptomic findings were supported by the results of the metabolome analyses. These results provide the first evidence for the induction of an inflammatory process in the liver of piglets suffering from SINS, accompanied by lipid metabolic derangement.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/3/772inflammationnecrosisswinetail bitingliver transcriptomeplasma metabolome |
| spellingShingle | Robert Ringseis Denise K. Gessner Frederik Loewenstein Josef Kuehling Sabrina Becker Hermann Willems Mirjam Lechner Klaus Eder Gerald Reiner Swine Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome Is Associated with Plasma Metabolites and Liver Transcriptome in Affected Piglets Animals inflammation necrosis swine tail biting liver transcriptome plasma metabolome |
| title | Swine Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome Is Associated with Plasma Metabolites and Liver Transcriptome in Affected Piglets |
| title_full | Swine Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome Is Associated with Plasma Metabolites and Liver Transcriptome in Affected Piglets |
| title_fullStr | Swine Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome Is Associated with Plasma Metabolites and Liver Transcriptome in Affected Piglets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Swine Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome Is Associated with Plasma Metabolites and Liver Transcriptome in Affected Piglets |
| title_short | Swine Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome Is Associated with Plasma Metabolites and Liver Transcriptome in Affected Piglets |
| title_sort | swine inflammation and necrosis syndrome is associated with plasma metabolites and liver transcriptome in affected piglets |
| topic | inflammation necrosis swine tail biting liver transcriptome plasma metabolome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/3/772 |
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