The Relationship between Stress Levels Measured by a Questionnaire and the Data Obtained by Smart Glasses and Finger Pulse Oximeters among Polish Dental Students
Stress is a physical, mental, or emotional response to a change and is a significant problem in modern society. In addition to questionnaires, levels of stress may be assessed by monitoring physiological signals, such as via photoplethysmogram (PPG), electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram (EC...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/18/8648 |
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| author | Katarzyna Mocny-Pachońska Rafał J. Doniec Szymon Sieciński Natalia J. Piaseczna Marek Pachoński Ewaryst J. Tkacz |
| author_facet | Katarzyna Mocny-Pachońska Rafał J. Doniec Szymon Sieciński Natalia J. Piaseczna Marek Pachoński Ewaryst J. Tkacz |
| author_sort | Katarzyna Mocny-Pachońska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Stress is a physical, mental, or emotional response to a change and is a significant problem in modern society. In addition to questionnaires, levels of stress may be assessed by monitoring physiological signals, such as via photoplethysmogram (PPG), electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram (ECG), electrodermal activity (EDA), facial expressions, and head and body movements. In our study, we attempted to find the relationship between the perceived stress level and physiological signals, such as heart rate (HR), head movements, and electrooculographic (EOG) signals. The perceived stress level was acquired by self-assessment questionnaires in which the participants marked their stress level before, during, and after performing a task. The heart rate was acquired with a finger pulse oximeter and the head movements (linear acceleration and angular velocity) and electrooculographic signals were recorded with JINS MEME ES_R smart glasses (JINS Holdings, Inc., Tokyo, Japan). We observed significant differences between the perceived stress level, heart rate, the power of linear acceleration, angular velocity, and EOG signals before performing the task and during the task. However, except for HR, these signals were poorly correlated with the perceived stress level acquired during the task. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:54:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1857d25bc5bf4775a02d24dbcb8a0e84 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:54:50Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-1857d25bc5bf4775a02d24dbcb8a0e842023-11-22T11:56:05ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-09-011118864810.3390/app11188648The Relationship between Stress Levels Measured by a Questionnaire and the Data Obtained by Smart Glasses and Finger Pulse Oximeters among Polish Dental StudentsKatarzyna Mocny-Pachońska0Rafał J. Doniec1Szymon Sieciński2Natalia J. Piaseczna3Marek Pachoński4Ewaryst J. Tkacz5Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Faculty of Medical Science, Medical University of Silesia, Pl. Akademicki 17, 41902 Bytom, PolandDepartment of Biosensors and Processing of Biomedical Signals, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40, 41800 Zabrze, PolandDepartment of Biosensors and Processing of Biomedical Signals, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40, 41800 Zabrze, PolandDepartment of Biosensors and Processing of Biomedical Signals, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40, 41800 Zabrze, PolandPachońscy Dental Clinic, Lubliniecka 38, 42288 Strzebin, PolandDepartment of Biosensors and Processing of Biomedical Signals, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40, 41800 Zabrze, PolandStress is a physical, mental, or emotional response to a change and is a significant problem in modern society. In addition to questionnaires, levels of stress may be assessed by monitoring physiological signals, such as via photoplethysmogram (PPG), electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram (ECG), electrodermal activity (EDA), facial expressions, and head and body movements. In our study, we attempted to find the relationship between the perceived stress level and physiological signals, such as heart rate (HR), head movements, and electrooculographic (EOG) signals. The perceived stress level was acquired by self-assessment questionnaires in which the participants marked their stress level before, during, and after performing a task. The heart rate was acquired with a finger pulse oximeter and the head movements (linear acceleration and angular velocity) and electrooculographic signals were recorded with JINS MEME ES_R smart glasses (JINS Holdings, Inc., Tokyo, Japan). We observed significant differences between the perceived stress level, heart rate, the power of linear acceleration, angular velocity, and EOG signals before performing the task and during the task. However, except for HR, these signals were poorly correlated with the perceived stress level acquired during the task.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/18/8648stress leveldental educationwearable devicesheart rateelectrooculographysmart glasses |
| spellingShingle | Katarzyna Mocny-Pachońska Rafał J. Doniec Szymon Sieciński Natalia J. Piaseczna Marek Pachoński Ewaryst J. Tkacz The Relationship between Stress Levels Measured by a Questionnaire and the Data Obtained by Smart Glasses and Finger Pulse Oximeters among Polish Dental Students Applied Sciences stress level dental education wearable devices heart rate electrooculography smart glasses |
| title | The Relationship between Stress Levels Measured by a Questionnaire and the Data Obtained by Smart Glasses and Finger Pulse Oximeters among Polish Dental Students |
| title_full | The Relationship between Stress Levels Measured by a Questionnaire and the Data Obtained by Smart Glasses and Finger Pulse Oximeters among Polish Dental Students |
| title_fullStr | The Relationship between Stress Levels Measured by a Questionnaire and the Data Obtained by Smart Glasses and Finger Pulse Oximeters among Polish Dental Students |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Relationship between Stress Levels Measured by a Questionnaire and the Data Obtained by Smart Glasses and Finger Pulse Oximeters among Polish Dental Students |
| title_short | The Relationship between Stress Levels Measured by a Questionnaire and the Data Obtained by Smart Glasses and Finger Pulse Oximeters among Polish Dental Students |
| title_sort | relationship between stress levels measured by a questionnaire and the data obtained by smart glasses and finger pulse oximeters among polish dental students |
| topic | stress level dental education wearable devices heart rate electrooculography smart glasses |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/18/8648 |
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