Battery Sizing for Mild P2 HEVs Considering the Battery Pack Thermal Limitations
Small capacity and passively cooled battery packs are widely used in mild hybrid electric vehicles (MHEV). In this regard, continuous usage of electric traction could cause thermal runaway of the battery, reducing its life and increasing the risk of fire incidence. Hence, thermal limitations on the...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/1/226 |
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| author | Gulnora Yakhshilikova Ethelbert Ezemobi Sanjarbek Ruzimov Andrea Tonoli |
| author_facet | Gulnora Yakhshilikova Ethelbert Ezemobi Sanjarbek Ruzimov Andrea Tonoli |
| author_sort | Gulnora Yakhshilikova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Small capacity and passively cooled battery packs are widely used in mild hybrid electric vehicles (MHEV). In this regard, continuous usage of electric traction could cause thermal runaway of the battery, reducing its life and increasing the risk of fire incidence. Hence, thermal limitations on the battery could be implemented in a supervisory controller to avoid such risks. A vast literature on the topic shows that the problem of battery thermal runaway is solved by applying active cooling or by implementing penalty factors on electric energy utilization for large capacity battery packs. However, they do not address the problem in the case of passive cooled, small capacity battery packs. In this paper, an experimentally validated electro-thermal model of the battery pack is integrated with the hybrid electric vehicle simulator. A supervisory controller using the equivalent consumption minimization strategy with, and without, consideration of thermal limitations are discussed. The results of a simulation of an MHEV with a 0.9 kWh battery pack showed that the thermal limitations of the battery pack caused a 2–3% fuel consumption increase compared to the case without such limitations; however, the limitations led to battery temperatures as high as 180 °C. The same simulation showed that the adoption of a 1.8 kWh battery pack led to a fuel consumption reduction of 8–13% without thermal implications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:49:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1863c5b1662249dfaba17c9830b70eaa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:49:57Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-1863c5b1662249dfaba17c9830b70eaa2023-11-23T11:09:41ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-12-0112122610.3390/app12010226Battery Sizing for Mild P2 HEVs Considering the Battery Pack Thermal LimitationsGulnora Yakhshilikova0Ethelbert Ezemobi1Sanjarbek Ruzimov2Andrea Tonoli3Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, ItalySmall capacity and passively cooled battery packs are widely used in mild hybrid electric vehicles (MHEV). In this regard, continuous usage of electric traction could cause thermal runaway of the battery, reducing its life and increasing the risk of fire incidence. Hence, thermal limitations on the battery could be implemented in a supervisory controller to avoid such risks. A vast literature on the topic shows that the problem of battery thermal runaway is solved by applying active cooling or by implementing penalty factors on electric energy utilization for large capacity battery packs. However, they do not address the problem in the case of passive cooled, small capacity battery packs. In this paper, an experimentally validated electro-thermal model of the battery pack is integrated with the hybrid electric vehicle simulator. A supervisory controller using the equivalent consumption minimization strategy with, and without, consideration of thermal limitations are discussed. The results of a simulation of an MHEV with a 0.9 kWh battery pack showed that the thermal limitations of the battery pack caused a 2–3% fuel consumption increase compared to the case without such limitations; however, the limitations led to battery temperatures as high as 180 °C. The same simulation showed that the adoption of a 1.8 kWh battery pack led to a fuel consumption reduction of 8–13% without thermal implications.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/1/226mild hybrid electric vehiclebattery electro-thermal modelequivalent consumption minimization strategyfuel consumptionthermal limitationbattery-pack sizing |
| spellingShingle | Gulnora Yakhshilikova Ethelbert Ezemobi Sanjarbek Ruzimov Andrea Tonoli Battery Sizing for Mild P2 HEVs Considering the Battery Pack Thermal Limitations Applied Sciences mild hybrid electric vehicle battery electro-thermal model equivalent consumption minimization strategy fuel consumption thermal limitation battery-pack sizing |
| title | Battery Sizing for Mild P2 HEVs Considering the Battery Pack Thermal Limitations |
| title_full | Battery Sizing for Mild P2 HEVs Considering the Battery Pack Thermal Limitations |
| title_fullStr | Battery Sizing for Mild P2 HEVs Considering the Battery Pack Thermal Limitations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Battery Sizing for Mild P2 HEVs Considering the Battery Pack Thermal Limitations |
| title_short | Battery Sizing for Mild P2 HEVs Considering the Battery Pack Thermal Limitations |
| title_sort | battery sizing for mild p2 hevs considering the battery pack thermal limitations |
| topic | mild hybrid electric vehicle battery electro-thermal model equivalent consumption minimization strategy fuel consumption thermal limitation battery-pack sizing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/1/226 |
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