Effects of Air Pollution on the Risk of Low Birth Weight in a Cold Climate
There is accumulating evidence that prenatal exposure to air pollution disturbs fetal growth and development, but little is known about these effects in cold climates or their season-specific or joint effects. Our objective was to assess independent and joint effects of prenatal exposure to specific...
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/18/6399 |
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| author | Hamudat A. Balogun Aino K. Rantala Harri Antikainen Nazeeba Siddika A. Kofi Amegah Niilo R. I. Ryti Jaakko Kukkonen Mikhail Sofiev Maritta S. Jaakkola Jouni J. K. Jaakkola |
| author_facet | Hamudat A. Balogun Aino K. Rantala Harri Antikainen Nazeeba Siddika A. Kofi Amegah Niilo R. I. Ryti Jaakko Kukkonen Mikhail Sofiev Maritta S. Jaakkola Jouni J. K. Jaakkola |
| author_sort | Hamudat A. Balogun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There is accumulating evidence that prenatal exposure to air pollution disturbs fetal growth and development, but little is known about these effects in cold climates or their season-specific or joint effects. Our objective was to assess independent and joint effects of prenatal exposure to specific air pollutants on the risk of low birth weight (LBW). We utilized the 2568 children of the Espoo Cohort Study, born between 1984 and 1990 and living in the City of Espoo. We conducted stratified analyses for births during warm and cold seasons separately. We analyzed the effect estimates using multi-pollutant Poisson regression models with risk ratio (RR) as the measure of effect. The risk of LBW was related to exposure to CO (adjusted RR 1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–2.00) and exposure to O<sub>3</sub> in the spring–summer season (1.82, 1.11–2.96). There was also evidence of synergistic effects between CO and O<sub>3</sub> (relative risk due to interaction (RERI), all year 1.08, 95% CI: 0.27–4.94, spring–summer 3.97, 2.17–25.85) and between PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> (all year 0.72, −0.07–3.60, spring–summer 2.80, 1.36–19.88). We present new evidence of both independent and joint effects of prenatal exposure to low levels of air pollution in a cold climate on the risk of LBW. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:20:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-186c508a423d41e8a8a37eb2934036d0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:20:17Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-186c508a423d41e8a8a37eb2934036d02023-11-20T13:40:45ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-09-011018639910.3390/app10186399Effects of Air Pollution on the Risk of Low Birth Weight in a Cold ClimateHamudat A. Balogun0Aino K. Rantala1Harri Antikainen2Nazeeba Siddika3A. Kofi Amegah4Niilo R. I. Ryti5Jaakko Kukkonen6Mikhail Sofiev7Maritta S. Jaakkola8Jouni J. K. Jaakkola9Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, FinlandCenter for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, FinlandGeography Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, FinlandCenter for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, FinlandPublic Health Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, GhanaCenter for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, FinlandFinnish Meteorological Institute, FI-00101 Helsinki, FinlandFinnish Meteorological Institute, FI-00101 Helsinki, FinlandCenter for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, FinlandCenter for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, FinlandThere is accumulating evidence that prenatal exposure to air pollution disturbs fetal growth and development, but little is known about these effects in cold climates or their season-specific or joint effects. Our objective was to assess independent and joint effects of prenatal exposure to specific air pollutants on the risk of low birth weight (LBW). We utilized the 2568 children of the Espoo Cohort Study, born between 1984 and 1990 and living in the City of Espoo. We conducted stratified analyses for births during warm and cold seasons separately. We analyzed the effect estimates using multi-pollutant Poisson regression models with risk ratio (RR) as the measure of effect. The risk of LBW was related to exposure to CO (adjusted RR 1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–2.00) and exposure to O<sub>3</sub> in the spring–summer season (1.82, 1.11–2.96). There was also evidence of synergistic effects between CO and O<sub>3</sub> (relative risk due to interaction (RERI), all year 1.08, 95% CI: 0.27–4.94, spring–summer 3.97, 2.17–25.85) and between PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> (all year 0.72, −0.07–3.60, spring–summer 2.80, 1.36–19.88). We present new evidence of both independent and joint effects of prenatal exposure to low levels of air pollution in a cold climate on the risk of LBW.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/18/6399air pollutionlow birth weightprenatal exposure |
| spellingShingle | Hamudat A. Balogun Aino K. Rantala Harri Antikainen Nazeeba Siddika A. Kofi Amegah Niilo R. I. Ryti Jaakko Kukkonen Mikhail Sofiev Maritta S. Jaakkola Jouni J. K. Jaakkola Effects of Air Pollution on the Risk of Low Birth Weight in a Cold Climate Applied Sciences air pollution low birth weight prenatal exposure |
| title | Effects of Air Pollution on the Risk of Low Birth Weight in a Cold Climate |
| title_full | Effects of Air Pollution on the Risk of Low Birth Weight in a Cold Climate |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Air Pollution on the Risk of Low Birth Weight in a Cold Climate |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Air Pollution on the Risk of Low Birth Weight in a Cold Climate |
| title_short | Effects of Air Pollution on the Risk of Low Birth Weight in a Cold Climate |
| title_sort | effects of air pollution on the risk of low birth weight in a cold climate |
| topic | air pollution low birth weight prenatal exposure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/18/6399 |
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