Synthesis of highly stable encapsulated astaxanthin/β-cyclodextrin microparticles using supercritical CO2 as an antisolvent
Although astaxanthin has promising physiological functions, its practical applications are limited by poor stability. Herein, astaxanthin was encapsulated in β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using CO2 as a supercritical antisolvent (SAS). The effects of process conditions, including temperature (313–333 K), pre...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of CO2 Utilization |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212982023001865 |
| _version_ | 1827819181890863104 |
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| author | Sabrinna Wulandari Jongho Choi Rizky Gilang Kurniawan Junjung Rohmat Sugiarto Aye Aye Myint Sang Kyu Kwak Jaehoon Kim |
| author_facet | Sabrinna Wulandari Jongho Choi Rizky Gilang Kurniawan Junjung Rohmat Sugiarto Aye Aye Myint Sang Kyu Kwak Jaehoon Kim |
| author_sort | Sabrinna Wulandari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although astaxanthin has promising physiological functions, its practical applications are limited by poor stability. Herein, astaxanthin was encapsulated in β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using CO2 as a supercritical antisolvent (SAS). The effects of process conditions, including temperature (313–333 K), pressure (12–18 MPa), solution concentration (3–5 wt%), solution flow rate (0.8–1.2 mL min−1), and astaxanthin-to-βCD mole ratio (1:50, 1:25, or 1:10), on the encapsulation efficiency, particle morphology, and residual solvent content were investigated. Astaxanthin–βCD complex spheres with an average diameter of 0.44 ± 0.08 µm were produced at 313 K and 15 MPa with a solution concentration and flow rate of 5 wt%, and 1.0 mL min−1, respectively. Under these optimal conditions, almost complete encapsulation (99.6% encapsulation efficiency) and residual organic solvent removal (0.22 ppm in the complex) were achieved. Density functional theory analysis of the configuration of the astaxanthin–βCD complex indicate that the hydroxyl hydrogen atoms on an ionone ring of astaxanthin interact with the oxygen atoms of βCD, but the ionone ring does not fit deeply within the βCD cavity. Notably, the astaxanthin–βCD complex exhibits higher thermal stability and antioxidant activity than free astaxanthin. The findings suggest that βCD encapsulation via the SAS process can produce astaxanthin microparticles with potential utility for food and pharmaceutical applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:10:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-186ca96a28804c13af6ab05342041462 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2212-9839 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:10:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of CO2 Utilization |
| spelling | doaj.art-186ca96a28804c13af6ab053420414622023-09-14T04:53:33ZengElsevierJournal of CO2 Utilization2212-98392023-09-0175102575Synthesis of highly stable encapsulated astaxanthin/β-cyclodextrin microparticles using supercritical CO2 as an antisolventSabrinna Wulandari0Jongho Choi1Rizky Gilang Kurniawan2Junjung Rohmat Sugiarto3Aye Aye Myint4Sang Kyu Kwak5Jaehoon Kim6School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of KoreaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of KoreaSchool of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of KoreaSKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of KoreaSchool of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea; School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea; Correspondence to: School of Mechnical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, and SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea.Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of KoreaSchool of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea; School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea; SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea; Correspondence to: School of Mechnical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, and SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea.Although astaxanthin has promising physiological functions, its practical applications are limited by poor stability. Herein, astaxanthin was encapsulated in β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using CO2 as a supercritical antisolvent (SAS). The effects of process conditions, including temperature (313–333 K), pressure (12–18 MPa), solution concentration (3–5 wt%), solution flow rate (0.8–1.2 mL min−1), and astaxanthin-to-βCD mole ratio (1:50, 1:25, or 1:10), on the encapsulation efficiency, particle morphology, and residual solvent content were investigated. Astaxanthin–βCD complex spheres with an average diameter of 0.44 ± 0.08 µm were produced at 313 K and 15 MPa with a solution concentration and flow rate of 5 wt%, and 1.0 mL min−1, respectively. Under these optimal conditions, almost complete encapsulation (99.6% encapsulation efficiency) and residual organic solvent removal (0.22 ppm in the complex) were achieved. Density functional theory analysis of the configuration of the astaxanthin–βCD complex indicate that the hydroxyl hydrogen atoms on an ionone ring of astaxanthin interact with the oxygen atoms of βCD, but the ionone ring does not fit deeply within the βCD cavity. Notably, the astaxanthin–βCD complex exhibits higher thermal stability and antioxidant activity than free astaxanthin. The findings suggest that βCD encapsulation via the SAS process can produce astaxanthin microparticles with potential utility for food and pharmaceutical applications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212982023001865Astaxanthinβ-cyclodextrinEncapsulationSupercritical antisolventThermal stabilityAntioxidant activity |
| spellingShingle | Sabrinna Wulandari Jongho Choi Rizky Gilang Kurniawan Junjung Rohmat Sugiarto Aye Aye Myint Sang Kyu Kwak Jaehoon Kim Synthesis of highly stable encapsulated astaxanthin/β-cyclodextrin microparticles using supercritical CO2 as an antisolvent Journal of CO2 Utilization Astaxanthin β-cyclodextrin Encapsulation Supercritical antisolvent Thermal stability Antioxidant activity |
| title | Synthesis of highly stable encapsulated astaxanthin/β-cyclodextrin microparticles using supercritical CO2 as an antisolvent |
| title_full | Synthesis of highly stable encapsulated astaxanthin/β-cyclodextrin microparticles using supercritical CO2 as an antisolvent |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis of highly stable encapsulated astaxanthin/β-cyclodextrin microparticles using supercritical CO2 as an antisolvent |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis of highly stable encapsulated astaxanthin/β-cyclodextrin microparticles using supercritical CO2 as an antisolvent |
| title_short | Synthesis of highly stable encapsulated astaxanthin/β-cyclodextrin microparticles using supercritical CO2 as an antisolvent |
| title_sort | synthesis of highly stable encapsulated astaxanthin β cyclodextrin microparticles using supercritical co2 as an antisolvent |
| topic | Astaxanthin β-cyclodextrin Encapsulation Supercritical antisolvent Thermal stability Antioxidant activity |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212982023001865 |
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