Influence of the aerodynamic flow on the dynamic characteristics of a lightning sweeping arc
Lightning arc attachments during swept strokes are key information in the lightning protection design of fast-moving aircraft, wind turbines, rockets, etc. However, numerical modeling has not achieved success to predict the movement of lightning sweeping arcs due to the limited understanding of the...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2023.1083158/full |
| _version_ | 1797897064815788032 |
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| author | Cien Xiao Yakun Liu |
| author_facet | Cien Xiao Yakun Liu |
| author_sort | Cien Xiao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lightning arc attachments during swept strokes are key information in the lightning protection design of fast-moving aircraft, wind turbines, rockets, etc. However, numerical modeling has not achieved success to predict the movement of lightning sweeping arcs due to the limited understanding of the complex multi-physics convolution in the arc fluid at present. This work builds a dynamic magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) arc model based on the setup in the laboratory simulation of the lightning continuing current and couples the electric–magnetic–thermal–force processes to get insights into the lightning arc dynamics. The MHD theory and Newton’s second law of motion are also incorporated to describe the movement of arc segments in the conditions of aerodynamic flows with different intensities. Results show that, at the center region of the arc, the electromagnetic force, thermal buoyancy, and aerodynamic force are competitive, and all are determiners in predicting the arc displacement. In contrast, at the root region of the arc, the electromagnetic force dominates the arc movement with a flow speed under 10 m/s, while aerodynamic force takes the dominant role when the flow speed exceeds 50 m/s. The arc sweeping distance expands from 0.02 to 1.01 m as the aerodynamic flow increases from 5 to 200 m/s. Meanwhile, when increasing the pitch angle of the arc-connected surface, the arc root becomes more attached to the surface and the sweeping distance is predicted to get reduced. The conclusions offer references to construct a numerical model and predict the complex arc movement during lightning sweeping strokes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T07:51:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1876577a4fca4b57babd683a4340856e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-987X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T07:51:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-1876577a4fca4b57babd683a4340856e2023-02-23T08:24:53ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences2296-987X2023-02-011010.3389/fspas.2023.10831581083158Influence of the aerodynamic flow on the dynamic characteristics of a lightning sweeping arcCien XiaoYakun LiuLightning arc attachments during swept strokes are key information in the lightning protection design of fast-moving aircraft, wind turbines, rockets, etc. However, numerical modeling has not achieved success to predict the movement of lightning sweeping arcs due to the limited understanding of the complex multi-physics convolution in the arc fluid at present. This work builds a dynamic magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) arc model based on the setup in the laboratory simulation of the lightning continuing current and couples the electric–magnetic–thermal–force processes to get insights into the lightning arc dynamics. The MHD theory and Newton’s second law of motion are also incorporated to describe the movement of arc segments in the conditions of aerodynamic flows with different intensities. Results show that, at the center region of the arc, the electromagnetic force, thermal buoyancy, and aerodynamic force are competitive, and all are determiners in predicting the arc displacement. In contrast, at the root region of the arc, the electromagnetic force dominates the arc movement with a flow speed under 10 m/s, while aerodynamic force takes the dominant role when the flow speed exceeds 50 m/s. The arc sweeping distance expands from 0.02 to 1.01 m as the aerodynamic flow increases from 5 to 200 m/s. Meanwhile, when increasing the pitch angle of the arc-connected surface, the arc root becomes more attached to the surface and the sweeping distance is predicted to get reduced. The conclusions offer references to construct a numerical model and predict the complex arc movement during lightning sweeping strokes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2023.1083158/fulllightning arcsweepingMHDnumerical analysisaerodynamic flow |
| spellingShingle | Cien Xiao Yakun Liu Influence of the aerodynamic flow on the dynamic characteristics of a lightning sweeping arc Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences lightning arc sweeping MHD numerical analysis aerodynamic flow |
| title | Influence of the aerodynamic flow on the dynamic characteristics of a lightning sweeping arc |
| title_full | Influence of the aerodynamic flow on the dynamic characteristics of a lightning sweeping arc |
| title_fullStr | Influence of the aerodynamic flow on the dynamic characteristics of a lightning sweeping arc |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of the aerodynamic flow on the dynamic characteristics of a lightning sweeping arc |
| title_short | Influence of the aerodynamic flow on the dynamic characteristics of a lightning sweeping arc |
| title_sort | influence of the aerodynamic flow on the dynamic characteristics of a lightning sweeping arc |
| topic | lightning arc sweeping MHD numerical analysis aerodynamic flow |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2023.1083158/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cienxiao influenceoftheaerodynamicflowonthedynamiccharacteristicsofalightningsweepingarc AT yakunliu influenceoftheaerodynamicflowonthedynamiccharacteristicsofalightningsweepingarc |