Bioactive Bismuth Compounds: Is Their Toxicity a Barrier to Therapeutic Use?
Bismuth compounds are considered relatively non-toxic, with their low solubility in aqueous solutions (e.g., biological fluids) being the major contributing factor to this property. Bismuth derivatives are widely used for the treatment of peptic ulcers, functional dyspepsia, and chronic gastritis. M...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/3/1600 |
| _version_ | 1797318643292307456 |
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| author | Ângela Gonçalves Mariana Matias Jorge A. R. Salvador Samuel Silvestre |
| author_facet | Ângela Gonçalves Mariana Matias Jorge A. R. Salvador Samuel Silvestre |
| author_sort | Ângela Gonçalves |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bismuth compounds are considered relatively non-toxic, with their low solubility in aqueous solutions (e.g., biological fluids) being the major contributing factor to this property. Bismuth derivatives are widely used for the treatment of peptic ulcers, functional dyspepsia, and chronic gastritis. Moreover, the properties of bismuth compounds have also been extensively explored in two main fields of action: antimicrobial and anticancer. Despite the clinical interest of bismuth-based drugs, several side effects have also been reported. In fact, excessive acute ingestion of bismuth, or abuse for an extended period of time, can lead to toxicity. However, evidence has demonstrated that the discontinuation of these compounds usually reverses their toxic effects. Notwithstanding, the continuously growing use of bismuth products suggests that it is indeed part of our environment and our daily lives, which urges a more in-depth review and investigation into its possible undesired activities. Therefore, this review aims to update the pharmaco-toxicological properties of bismuth compounds. A special focus will be given to in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies exploring their toxicity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:55:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-188554ce4b1b48289e3da9262f31f883 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:55:19Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-188554ce4b1b48289e3da9262f31f8832024-02-09T15:13:52ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672024-01-01253160010.3390/ijms25031600Bioactive Bismuth Compounds: Is Their Toxicity a Barrier to Therapeutic Use?Ângela Gonçalves0Mariana Matias1Jorge A. R. Salvador2Samuel Silvestre3CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6201-506 Covilhã, PortugalCICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6201-506 Covilhã, PortugalLaboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalCICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6201-506 Covilhã, PortugalBismuth compounds are considered relatively non-toxic, with their low solubility in aqueous solutions (e.g., biological fluids) being the major contributing factor to this property. Bismuth derivatives are widely used for the treatment of peptic ulcers, functional dyspepsia, and chronic gastritis. Moreover, the properties of bismuth compounds have also been extensively explored in two main fields of action: antimicrobial and anticancer. Despite the clinical interest of bismuth-based drugs, several side effects have also been reported. In fact, excessive acute ingestion of bismuth, or abuse for an extended period of time, can lead to toxicity. However, evidence has demonstrated that the discontinuation of these compounds usually reverses their toxic effects. Notwithstanding, the continuously growing use of bismuth products suggests that it is indeed part of our environment and our daily lives, which urges a more in-depth review and investigation into its possible undesired activities. Therefore, this review aims to update the pharmaco-toxicological properties of bismuth compounds. A special focus will be given to in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies exploring their toxicity.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/3/1600bismuth compoundstoxicitytherapeutic propertiesbismuth iodoform paraffin pastebismuth overuse |
| spellingShingle | Ângela Gonçalves Mariana Matias Jorge A. R. Salvador Samuel Silvestre Bioactive Bismuth Compounds: Is Their Toxicity a Barrier to Therapeutic Use? International Journal of Molecular Sciences bismuth compounds toxicity therapeutic properties bismuth iodoform paraffin paste bismuth overuse |
| title | Bioactive Bismuth Compounds: Is Their Toxicity a Barrier to Therapeutic Use? |
| title_full | Bioactive Bismuth Compounds: Is Their Toxicity a Barrier to Therapeutic Use? |
| title_fullStr | Bioactive Bismuth Compounds: Is Their Toxicity a Barrier to Therapeutic Use? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bioactive Bismuth Compounds: Is Their Toxicity a Barrier to Therapeutic Use? |
| title_short | Bioactive Bismuth Compounds: Is Their Toxicity a Barrier to Therapeutic Use? |
| title_sort | bioactive bismuth compounds is their toxicity a barrier to therapeutic use |
| topic | bismuth compounds toxicity therapeutic properties bismuth iodoform paraffin paste bismuth overuse |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/3/1600 |
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