Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Nitride–Carbon Composites and Their Use in Lithium-Ion Batteries
This work focuses on the synthesis of titanium nitride–carbon (TiN–carbon) composites by the thermal decomposition of a titanyl phthalocyanine (TiN(TD)) precursor into TiN. The synthesis of TiN was also performed using the sol-gel method (TiN(SG)) of an alkoxide/urea. The structure and morphology of...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/7/624 |
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| author | Helia Magali Morales Horacio Vieyra David A. Sanchez Elizabeth M. Fletes Michael Odlyzko Timothy P. Lodge Victoria Padilla-Gainza Mataz Alcoutlabi Jason G. Parsons |
| author_facet | Helia Magali Morales Horacio Vieyra David A. Sanchez Elizabeth M. Fletes Michael Odlyzko Timothy P. Lodge Victoria Padilla-Gainza Mataz Alcoutlabi Jason G. Parsons |
| author_sort | Helia Magali Morales |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This work focuses on the synthesis of titanium nitride–carbon (TiN–carbon) composites by the thermal decomposition of a titanyl phthalocyanine (TiN(TD)) precursor into TiN. The synthesis of TiN was also performed using the sol-gel method (TiN(SG)) of an alkoxide/urea. The structure and morphology of the TiN–carbon and its precursors were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, EDS, and XPS. The FTIR results confirmed the presence of the titanium phthalocyanine (TiOPC) complex, while the XRD data corroborated the decomposition of TiOPC into TiN. The resultant TiN exhibited a cubic structure with the FM3-M lattice, aligning with the crystal system of the synthesized TiN via the alkoxide route. The XPS results indicated that the particles synthesized from the thermal decomposition of TiOPC resulted in the formation of TiN–carbon composites. The TiN particles were present as clusters of small spherical particles within the carbon matrix, displaying a porous sponge-like morphology. The proposed thermal decomposition method resulted in the formation of metal nitride composites with high carbon content, which were used as anodes for Li-ion half cells. The TiN–carbon composite anode showed a good specific capacity after 100 cycles at a current density of 100 mAg<sup>−1</sup>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:37:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-18ac8d5474174401abd337dc6470e017 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:37:36Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-18ac8d5474174401abd337dc6470e0172024-04-12T13:24:01ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912024-04-0114762410.3390/nano14070624Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Nitride–Carbon Composites and Their Use in Lithium-Ion BatteriesHelia Magali Morales0Horacio Vieyra1David A. Sanchez2Elizabeth M. Fletes3Michael Odlyzko4Timothy P. Lodge5Victoria Padilla-Gainza6Mataz Alcoutlabi7Jason G. Parsons8School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1 West University Blvd., Brownsville, TX 78521, USASchool of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. E. Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, NL, MexicoDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 West University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78539, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 West University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78539, USACharacterization Facility, College of Science and Engineering, 55 Shepherd Laboratories, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USADepartment of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 West University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78539, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 West University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78539, USASchool of Earth Environmental and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1 West University Blvd., Brownsville, TX 78521, USAThis work focuses on the synthesis of titanium nitride–carbon (TiN–carbon) composites by the thermal decomposition of a titanyl phthalocyanine (TiN(TD)) precursor into TiN. The synthesis of TiN was also performed using the sol-gel method (TiN(SG)) of an alkoxide/urea. The structure and morphology of the TiN–carbon and its precursors were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, EDS, and XPS. The FTIR results confirmed the presence of the titanium phthalocyanine (TiOPC) complex, while the XRD data corroborated the decomposition of TiOPC into TiN. The resultant TiN exhibited a cubic structure with the FM3-M lattice, aligning with the crystal system of the synthesized TiN via the alkoxide route. The XPS results indicated that the particles synthesized from the thermal decomposition of TiOPC resulted in the formation of TiN–carbon composites. The TiN particles were present as clusters of small spherical particles within the carbon matrix, displaying a porous sponge-like morphology. The proposed thermal decomposition method resulted in the formation of metal nitride composites with high carbon content, which were used as anodes for Li-ion half cells. The TiN–carbon composite anode showed a good specific capacity after 100 cycles at a current density of 100 mAg<sup>−1</sup>.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/7/624thermal decompositiontitanyl phthalocyanineLIBsTiNTiN–carbon composite |
| spellingShingle | Helia Magali Morales Horacio Vieyra David A. Sanchez Elizabeth M. Fletes Michael Odlyzko Timothy P. Lodge Victoria Padilla-Gainza Mataz Alcoutlabi Jason G. Parsons Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Nitride–Carbon Composites and Their Use in Lithium-Ion Batteries Nanomaterials thermal decomposition titanyl phthalocyanine LIBs TiN TiN–carbon composite |
| title | Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Nitride–Carbon Composites and Their Use in Lithium-Ion Batteries |
| title_full | Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Nitride–Carbon Composites and Their Use in Lithium-Ion Batteries |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Nitride–Carbon Composites and Their Use in Lithium-Ion Batteries |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Nitride–Carbon Composites and Their Use in Lithium-Ion Batteries |
| title_short | Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Nitride–Carbon Composites and Their Use in Lithium-Ion Batteries |
| title_sort | synthesis and characterization of titanium nitride carbon composites and their use in lithium ion batteries |
| topic | thermal decomposition titanyl phthalocyanine LIBs TiN TiN–carbon composite |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/7/624 |
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