Interaction of glucose sensing and leptin action in the brain
Background: In response to energy abundant or deprived conditions, nutrients and hormones activate hypothalamic pathways to maintain energy and glucose homeostasis. The underlying CNS mechanisms, however, remain elusive in rodents and humans. Scope of review: Here, we first discuss brain glucose sen...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Molecular Metabolism |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212877820300855 |
| _version_ | 1828889329320067072 |
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| author | Rosa J.W. Li Song-Yang Zhang Tony K.T. Lam |
| author_facet | Rosa J.W. Li Song-Yang Zhang Tony K.T. Lam |
| author_sort | Rosa J.W. Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: In response to energy abundant or deprived conditions, nutrients and hormones activate hypothalamic pathways to maintain energy and glucose homeostasis. The underlying CNS mechanisms, however, remain elusive in rodents and humans. Scope of review: Here, we first discuss brain glucose sensing mechanisms in the presence of a rise or fall of plasma glucose levels, and highlight defects in hypothalamic glucose sensing disrupt in vivo glucose homeostasis in high-fat fed, obese, and/or diabetic conditions. Second, we discuss brain leptin signalling pathways that impact glucose homeostasis in glucose-deprived and excessed conditions, and propose that leptin enhances hypothalamic glucose sensing and restores glucose homeostasis in short-term high-fat fed and/or uncontrolled diabetic conditions. Major conclusions: In conclusion, we believe basic studies that investigate the interaction of glucose sensing and leptin action in the brain will address the translational impact of hypothalamic glucose sensing in diabetes and obesity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T12:38:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-18b65e77c68d4ccba89c0d22877285d2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2212-8778 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T12:38:41Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Metabolism |
| spelling | doaj.art-18b65e77c68d4ccba89c0d22877285d22022-12-21T23:45:42ZengElsevierMolecular Metabolism2212-87782020-09-0139Interaction of glucose sensing and leptin action in the brainRosa J.W. Li0Song-Yang Zhang1Tony K.T. Lam2Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, UHN, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, CanadaDepartment of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, UHN, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, CanadaDepartment of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, UHN, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada; Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada; Corresponding author. Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.Background: In response to energy abundant or deprived conditions, nutrients and hormones activate hypothalamic pathways to maintain energy and glucose homeostasis. The underlying CNS mechanisms, however, remain elusive in rodents and humans. Scope of review: Here, we first discuss brain glucose sensing mechanisms in the presence of a rise or fall of plasma glucose levels, and highlight defects in hypothalamic glucose sensing disrupt in vivo glucose homeostasis in high-fat fed, obese, and/or diabetic conditions. Second, we discuss brain leptin signalling pathways that impact glucose homeostasis in glucose-deprived and excessed conditions, and propose that leptin enhances hypothalamic glucose sensing and restores glucose homeostasis in short-term high-fat fed and/or uncontrolled diabetic conditions. Major conclusions: In conclusion, we believe basic studies that investigate the interaction of glucose sensing and leptin action in the brain will address the translational impact of hypothalamic glucose sensing in diabetes and obesity.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212877820300855HypothalamusBrainGlucose metabolismGlucose sensingLeptin actionLipid sensing |
| spellingShingle | Rosa J.W. Li Song-Yang Zhang Tony K.T. Lam Interaction of glucose sensing and leptin action in the brain Molecular Metabolism Hypothalamus Brain Glucose metabolism Glucose sensing Leptin action Lipid sensing |
| title | Interaction of glucose sensing and leptin action in the brain |
| title_full | Interaction of glucose sensing and leptin action in the brain |
| title_fullStr | Interaction of glucose sensing and leptin action in the brain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interaction of glucose sensing and leptin action in the brain |
| title_short | Interaction of glucose sensing and leptin action in the brain |
| title_sort | interaction of glucose sensing and leptin action in the brain |
| topic | Hypothalamus Brain Glucose metabolism Glucose sensing Leptin action Lipid sensing |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212877820300855 |
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