Simultaneous Determination of Twenty Mycotoxins in the Korean Soybean Paste Doenjang by LC-MS/MS with Immunoaffinity Cleanup
Doenjang, a Korean fermented soybean paste, is vulnerable to contamination by mycotoxins because it is directly exposed to environmental microbiota during fermentation. A method that simultaneously determines 20 mycotoxins in doenjang, including aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEN...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-10-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/10/594 |
| _version_ | 1798039559729053696 |
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| author | So Young Woo So Young Ryu Fei Tian Sang Yoo Lee Su Been Park Hyang Sook Chun |
| author_facet | So Young Woo So Young Ryu Fei Tian Sang Yoo Lee Su Been Park Hyang Sook Chun |
| author_sort | So Young Woo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Doenjang, a Korean fermented soybean paste, is vulnerable to contamination by mycotoxins because it is directly exposed to environmental microbiota during fermentation. A method that simultaneously determines 20 mycotoxins in doenjang, including aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEN), and fumonisins (FBs) with an immunoaffinity column cleanup was optimized and validated in doenjang using LC-MS/MS. The method showed good performance in the analysis of 20 mycotoxins in doenjang with good linearity (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> > 0.999), intra- and inter-day precision (<16%), recovery (72−112%), matrix effect (87−104%), and measurement uncertainty (<42%). The validated method was applied to investigate mycotoxin contamination levels in commercial and homemade doenjang. The mycotoxins that frequently contaminated doenjang were AFs, OTA, ZEN, and FBs and the average contamination level and number of co-occurring mycotoxins in homemade doenjang were higher than those in commercially produced doenjang. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-18bafae4e19646dabc9eb99bf6a898c5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:55:34Z |
| publishDate | 2019-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-18bafae4e19646dabc9eb99bf6a898c52022-12-22T04:01:07ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512019-10-01111059410.3390/toxins11100594toxins11100594Simultaneous Determination of Twenty Mycotoxins in the Korean Soybean Paste Doenjang by LC-MS/MS with Immunoaffinity CleanupSo Young Woo0So Young Ryu1Fei Tian2Sang Yoo Lee3Su Been Park4Hyang Sook Chun5Advanced Food Safety Research Group, BK21 Plus, School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, KoreaAdvanced Food Safety Research Group, BK21 Plus, School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, KoreaAdvanced Food Safety Research Group, BK21 Plus, School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, KoreaAdvanced Food Safety Research Group, BK21 Plus, School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, KoreaAdvanced Food Safety Research Group, BK21 Plus, School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, KoreaAdvanced Food Safety Research Group, BK21 Plus, School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, KoreaDoenjang, a Korean fermented soybean paste, is vulnerable to contamination by mycotoxins because it is directly exposed to environmental microbiota during fermentation. A method that simultaneously determines 20 mycotoxins in doenjang, including aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEN), and fumonisins (FBs) with an immunoaffinity column cleanup was optimized and validated in doenjang using LC-MS/MS. The method showed good performance in the analysis of 20 mycotoxins in doenjang with good linearity (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> > 0.999), intra- and inter-day precision (<16%), recovery (72−112%), matrix effect (87−104%), and measurement uncertainty (<42%). The validated method was applied to investigate mycotoxin contamination levels in commercial and homemade doenjang. The mycotoxins that frequently contaminated doenjang were AFs, OTA, ZEN, and FBs and the average contamination level and number of co-occurring mycotoxins in homemade doenjang were higher than those in commercially produced doenjang.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/10/594mycotoxins<i>doenjang</i>simultaneous determination |
| spellingShingle | So Young Woo So Young Ryu Fei Tian Sang Yoo Lee Su Been Park Hyang Sook Chun Simultaneous Determination of Twenty Mycotoxins in the Korean Soybean Paste Doenjang by LC-MS/MS with Immunoaffinity Cleanup Toxins mycotoxins <i>doenjang</i> simultaneous determination |
| title | Simultaneous Determination of Twenty Mycotoxins in the Korean Soybean Paste Doenjang by LC-MS/MS with Immunoaffinity Cleanup |
| title_full | Simultaneous Determination of Twenty Mycotoxins in the Korean Soybean Paste Doenjang by LC-MS/MS with Immunoaffinity Cleanup |
| title_fullStr | Simultaneous Determination of Twenty Mycotoxins in the Korean Soybean Paste Doenjang by LC-MS/MS with Immunoaffinity Cleanup |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simultaneous Determination of Twenty Mycotoxins in the Korean Soybean Paste Doenjang by LC-MS/MS with Immunoaffinity Cleanup |
| title_short | Simultaneous Determination of Twenty Mycotoxins in the Korean Soybean Paste Doenjang by LC-MS/MS with Immunoaffinity Cleanup |
| title_sort | simultaneous determination of twenty mycotoxins in the korean soybean paste doenjang by lc ms ms with immunoaffinity cleanup |
| topic | mycotoxins <i>doenjang</i> simultaneous determination |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/10/594 |
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