Evaluation of the Tooth Surface after Irradiation with Diode Laser Applied for Removal of Dental Microorganisms from Teeth of Patients with Gingivitis, Using X-ray Photoelectron (XPS) and Optical Profilometry (OP)
Gingivitis is accompanied by microorganisms, including pathogens, which must be eliminated to speed up the treatment of inflammation. Laser irradiation may be one of the safe methods for reducing tissue contamination on the tooth surface. The aim of the study was the assessment of the tooth surface...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/22/6840 |
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| author | Iga Wawrzyk-Bochenek Michał Łobacz Sławomir Wilczyński Mansur Rahnama Justyna Szulc Adam Konka Anna Wawrzyk |
| author_facet | Iga Wawrzyk-Bochenek Michał Łobacz Sławomir Wilczyński Mansur Rahnama Justyna Szulc Adam Konka Anna Wawrzyk |
| author_sort | Iga Wawrzyk-Bochenek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gingivitis is accompanied by microorganisms, including pathogens, which must be eliminated to speed up the treatment of inflammation. Laser irradiation may be one of the safe methods for reducing tissue contamination on the tooth surface. The aim of the study was the assessment of the tooth surface in patients with gingivitis after the use of a diode laser to eliminate microorganisms living there. In the first stage of the research, microorganisms were isolated (<i>Candida albicans</i>, <i>C. guilliermondii</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Haemophilus parainfluenzae</i>, <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i>, <i>Neisseria subflava</i>, <i>Rothia dentocariosa</i>, <i>Rothia mucilaginosa</i>, <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>) from three patients with gingivitis, their identification confirmed using the MALDI-TOF MS technique (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry). Then, the irradiation process with a diode laser was optimized to a wavelength of 810 nm ± 10 nm in five variants to reduce microorganisms on the tooth. The tooth surface was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and optical profilometry (OP) before and after irradiation. 103 to 106 CFU were detected on a 0.4 cm<sup>2</sup> tooth area. Nine types of bacteria and two types of fungi dominated among the microorganisms. The laser at the most effective biocidal dose of 25 W/15.000 Hz/10 µs, average = 3.84 W, with three uses after 15 s, increased the reduction of fungi from 57.97% to 93.80%, and bacteria from 30.67% to 100%. This dose also caused a decrease in the degree of oxidation and in the effect of smoothing on the treated surfaces. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:14:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-18c9c33fd2ba4ebebd3d14620fa0d2f2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:14:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-18c9c33fd2ba4ebebd3d14620fa0d2f22023-11-24T08:51:02ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-11-011122684010.3390/jcm11226840Evaluation of the Tooth Surface after Irradiation with Diode Laser Applied for Removal of Dental Microorganisms from Teeth of Patients with Gingivitis, Using X-ray Photoelectron (XPS) and Optical Profilometry (OP)Iga Wawrzyk-Bochenek0Michał Łobacz1Sławomir Wilczyński2Mansur Rahnama3Justyna Szulc4Adam Konka5Anna Wawrzyk6Department of Basic Biomedical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Kasztanowa 3, 41-205 Sosnowiec, PolandThe Chair and Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 6, 20-093 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Basic Biomedical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Kasztanowa 3, 41-205 Sosnowiec, PolandThe Chair and Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 6, 20-093 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Environmental Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Wólczańska 171/173, 90-530 Łódź, PolandSilesian Park of Medical Technology Kardio-Med Silesia in Zabrze, M. Curie Skłodowskiej 10C Str., 41-800 Zabrze, PolandSilesian Park of Medical Technology Kardio-Med Silesia in Zabrze, M. Curie Skłodowskiej 10C Str., 41-800 Zabrze, PolandGingivitis is accompanied by microorganisms, including pathogens, which must be eliminated to speed up the treatment of inflammation. Laser irradiation may be one of the safe methods for reducing tissue contamination on the tooth surface. The aim of the study was the assessment of the tooth surface in patients with gingivitis after the use of a diode laser to eliminate microorganisms living there. In the first stage of the research, microorganisms were isolated (<i>Candida albicans</i>, <i>C. guilliermondii</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Haemophilus parainfluenzae</i>, <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i>, <i>Neisseria subflava</i>, <i>Rothia dentocariosa</i>, <i>Rothia mucilaginosa</i>, <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>) from three patients with gingivitis, their identification confirmed using the MALDI-TOF MS technique (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry). Then, the irradiation process with a diode laser was optimized to a wavelength of 810 nm ± 10 nm in five variants to reduce microorganisms on the tooth. The tooth surface was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and optical profilometry (OP) before and after irradiation. 103 to 106 CFU were detected on a 0.4 cm<sup>2</sup> tooth area. Nine types of bacteria and two types of fungi dominated among the microorganisms. The laser at the most effective biocidal dose of 25 W/15.000 Hz/10 µs, average = 3.84 W, with three uses after 15 s, increased the reduction of fungi from 57.97% to 93.80%, and bacteria from 30.67% to 100%. This dose also caused a decrease in the degree of oxidation and in the effect of smoothing on the treated surfaces.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/22/6840toothdiode lasermicroorganismsXPSoptical profilometry |
| spellingShingle | Iga Wawrzyk-Bochenek Michał Łobacz Sławomir Wilczyński Mansur Rahnama Justyna Szulc Adam Konka Anna Wawrzyk Evaluation of the Tooth Surface after Irradiation with Diode Laser Applied for Removal of Dental Microorganisms from Teeth of Patients with Gingivitis, Using X-ray Photoelectron (XPS) and Optical Profilometry (OP) Journal of Clinical Medicine tooth diode laser microorganisms XPS optical profilometry |
| title | Evaluation of the Tooth Surface after Irradiation with Diode Laser Applied for Removal of Dental Microorganisms from Teeth of Patients with Gingivitis, Using X-ray Photoelectron (XPS) and Optical Profilometry (OP) |
| title_full | Evaluation of the Tooth Surface after Irradiation with Diode Laser Applied for Removal of Dental Microorganisms from Teeth of Patients with Gingivitis, Using X-ray Photoelectron (XPS) and Optical Profilometry (OP) |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the Tooth Surface after Irradiation with Diode Laser Applied for Removal of Dental Microorganisms from Teeth of Patients with Gingivitis, Using X-ray Photoelectron (XPS) and Optical Profilometry (OP) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the Tooth Surface after Irradiation with Diode Laser Applied for Removal of Dental Microorganisms from Teeth of Patients with Gingivitis, Using X-ray Photoelectron (XPS) and Optical Profilometry (OP) |
| title_short | Evaluation of the Tooth Surface after Irradiation with Diode Laser Applied for Removal of Dental Microorganisms from Teeth of Patients with Gingivitis, Using X-ray Photoelectron (XPS) and Optical Profilometry (OP) |
| title_sort | evaluation of the tooth surface after irradiation with diode laser applied for removal of dental microorganisms from teeth of patients with gingivitis using x ray photoelectron xps and optical profilometry op |
| topic | tooth diode laser microorganisms XPS optical profilometry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/22/6840 |
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