Ballistic Limit of UHMWPE Composite Armor under Impact of Ogive-Nose Projectile
The ballistic response of armor has been widely used to evaluate its feasibility and advantages as a protective structure. To obtain the ballistic performance and ballistic limitations of composite armor, a type of ultra–high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composite armor is designed, which...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | Polymers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/22/4866 |
| _version_ | 1797464135543291904 |
|---|---|
| author | Li Ding Xiaohui Gu Peihui Shen Xiangsheng Kong |
| author_facet | Li Ding Xiaohui Gu Peihui Shen Xiangsheng Kong |
| author_sort | Li Ding |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The ballistic response of armor has been widely used to evaluate its feasibility and advantages as a protective structure. To obtain the ballistic performance and ballistic limitations of composite armor, a type of ultra–high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composite armor is designed, which is composed of UHMWPE laminates and steel face sheets of Q235. The total thickness of the armor is 53 mm, with an in–plane dimension of 300 mm × 300 mm. Then, an experimental study of the ballistic impact response of composite armor subject to a typical ogive–nose projectile was carried out. In the velocity range of 501.1 to 1026.1 m/s, the 14.5 mm caliber armor–piercing projectile could penetrate through the composite armor. At the velocity of 433.3 m/s, the A–P projectile was embedded in the armor, leaving a bulge mark on the back sheet. Therefore, 467.2 m/s is taken as the ballistic limit of the armor under the impact of the ogive–nose projectile. In addition, a corresponding numerical simulation model is also established to predict the ballistic limit of the projectile. The numerical predictions are consistent with the experimental results. The ballistic limit obtained from the numerical simulation results is 500 m/s, which is acceptable with a relative error of 7.02%. The failure mechanism of the composite armor is also obtained. Petaling is the main dominant failure mode for both face sheets, while delamination and shear failure dominate the penetration process of UHMWPE laminates. Finally, the perforation mechanism of composite armor under the impact of an A–P projectile is analyzed with theoretical models to predict the residual velocity, the work performed during the perforation, and the resisting stress of <i>σ</i><sub>s</sub> in the cavity–expansion model. The experimental and numerical simulation results can provide necessary data in the analysis of the composite structure’s dynamic response under the impact of sharp head penetrators. The research results present the ballistic performance, failure mechanism, and ballistic limit of the composite armor under the impact of a typical ogive–nose projectile, which can be significant in the design of composite armor in the areas of ship shield, fortifications protection, and bulletproof structures against threats from sharp head penetrators. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:02:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-18cfff713b3f4b2d80b34d228ebb2157 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:02:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-18cfff713b3f4b2d80b34d228ebb21572023-11-24T09:42:17ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602022-11-011422486610.3390/polym14224866Ballistic Limit of UHMWPE Composite Armor under Impact of Ogive-Nose ProjectileLi Ding0Xiaohui Gu1Peihui Shen2Xiangsheng Kong3School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, ChinaNanjing Changjiang Electronics Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210037, ChinaThe ballistic response of armor has been widely used to evaluate its feasibility and advantages as a protective structure. To obtain the ballistic performance and ballistic limitations of composite armor, a type of ultra–high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composite armor is designed, which is composed of UHMWPE laminates and steel face sheets of Q235. The total thickness of the armor is 53 mm, with an in–plane dimension of 300 mm × 300 mm. Then, an experimental study of the ballistic impact response of composite armor subject to a typical ogive–nose projectile was carried out. In the velocity range of 501.1 to 1026.1 m/s, the 14.5 mm caliber armor–piercing projectile could penetrate through the composite armor. At the velocity of 433.3 m/s, the A–P projectile was embedded in the armor, leaving a bulge mark on the back sheet. Therefore, 467.2 m/s is taken as the ballistic limit of the armor under the impact of the ogive–nose projectile. In addition, a corresponding numerical simulation model is also established to predict the ballistic limit of the projectile. The numerical predictions are consistent with the experimental results. The ballistic limit obtained from the numerical simulation results is 500 m/s, which is acceptable with a relative error of 7.02%. The failure mechanism of the composite armor is also obtained. Petaling is the main dominant failure mode for both face sheets, while delamination and shear failure dominate the penetration process of UHMWPE laminates. Finally, the perforation mechanism of composite armor under the impact of an A–P projectile is analyzed with theoretical models to predict the residual velocity, the work performed during the perforation, and the resisting stress of <i>σ</i><sub>s</sub> in the cavity–expansion model. The experimental and numerical simulation results can provide necessary data in the analysis of the composite structure’s dynamic response under the impact of sharp head penetrators. The research results present the ballistic performance, failure mechanism, and ballistic limit of the composite armor under the impact of a typical ogive–nose projectile, which can be significant in the design of composite armor in the areas of ship shield, fortifications protection, and bulletproof structures against threats from sharp head penetrators.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/22/4866ballistic limitcomposite armorsogive–nose projectiletheoretical analysisultra–high molecular weight polyethylene |
| spellingShingle | Li Ding Xiaohui Gu Peihui Shen Xiangsheng Kong Ballistic Limit of UHMWPE Composite Armor under Impact of Ogive-Nose Projectile Polymers ballistic limit composite armors ogive–nose projectile theoretical analysis ultra–high molecular weight polyethylene |
| title | Ballistic Limit of UHMWPE Composite Armor under Impact of Ogive-Nose Projectile |
| title_full | Ballistic Limit of UHMWPE Composite Armor under Impact of Ogive-Nose Projectile |
| title_fullStr | Ballistic Limit of UHMWPE Composite Armor under Impact of Ogive-Nose Projectile |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ballistic Limit of UHMWPE Composite Armor under Impact of Ogive-Nose Projectile |
| title_short | Ballistic Limit of UHMWPE Composite Armor under Impact of Ogive-Nose Projectile |
| title_sort | ballistic limit of uhmwpe composite armor under impact of ogive nose projectile |
| topic | ballistic limit composite armors ogive–nose projectile theoretical analysis ultra–high molecular weight polyethylene |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/22/4866 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT liding ballisticlimitofuhmwpecompositearmorunderimpactofogivenoseprojectile AT xiaohuigu ballisticlimitofuhmwpecompositearmorunderimpactofogivenoseprojectile AT peihuishen ballisticlimitofuhmwpecompositearmorunderimpactofogivenoseprojectile AT xiangshengkong ballisticlimitofuhmwpecompositearmorunderimpactofogivenoseprojectile |