An Ultra-Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor for the Detection of Carcinogen Oxidative Stress 4-Nitroquinoline N-Oxide in Biologic Matrices Based on Hierarchical Spinel Structured NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>; A Comparative Study
Various factors leads to cancer; among them oxidative damage is believed to play an important role. Moreover, it is important to identify a method to detect the oxidative damage. Recently, electrochemical sensors have been considered as the one of the most important techniques to detect DNA damage,...
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/3273 |
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| author | Tse-Wei Chen Elayappan Tamilalagan Shen-Ming Chen Muthumariappan Akilarasan Selvarasu Maheshwaran Xiaoheng Liu |
| author_facet | Tse-Wei Chen Elayappan Tamilalagan Shen-Ming Chen Muthumariappan Akilarasan Selvarasu Maheshwaran Xiaoheng Liu |
| author_sort | Tse-Wei Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Various factors leads to cancer; among them oxidative damage is believed to play an important role. Moreover, it is important to identify a method to detect the oxidative damage. Recently, electrochemical sensors have been considered as the one of the most important techniques to detect DNA damage, owing to its rapid detection. However, electrode materials play an important role in the properties of electrochemical sensor. Currently, researchers have aimed to develop novel electrode materials for low-level detection of biomarkers. Herein, we report the facile hydrothermal synthesis of NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> micro flowers (MFs) and NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> micro spheres (Ms) and evaluate their electrochemical properties for the detection of carcinogen-causing biomarker 4-nitroquinoline n-oxide (4-NQO) in human blood serum and saliva samples. Moreover, as-prepared composites were fabricated on a glass carbon electrode (GCE), and its electrochemical activities for the determination of 4-NQO were investigated by using various electrochemical techniques. Fascinatingly, the NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>-Ms showed a very low detection limit of 2.29 nM and a wider range of 0.005 to 596.64 µM for detecting 4-NQO. Finally, the practical applicability of NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>-Ms in the 4-NQO spiked human blood serum and saliva samples were also investigated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:01:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-18d8addfacb541dba12932f7abbefc21 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:01:01Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-18d8addfacb541dba12932f7abbefc212023-11-19T23:32:35ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-05-01219327310.3390/ijms21093273An Ultra-Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor for the Detection of Carcinogen Oxidative Stress 4-Nitroquinoline N-Oxide in Biologic Matrices Based on Hierarchical Spinel Structured NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>; A Comparative StudyTse-Wei Chen0Elayappan Tamilalagan1Shen-Ming Chen2Muthumariappan Akilarasan3Selvarasu Maheshwaran4Xiaoheng Liu5Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UKDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, TaiwanKey Laboratory of Education Ministry for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, ChinaVarious factors leads to cancer; among them oxidative damage is believed to play an important role. Moreover, it is important to identify a method to detect the oxidative damage. Recently, electrochemical sensors have been considered as the one of the most important techniques to detect DNA damage, owing to its rapid detection. However, electrode materials play an important role in the properties of electrochemical sensor. Currently, researchers have aimed to develop novel electrode materials for low-level detection of biomarkers. Herein, we report the facile hydrothermal synthesis of NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> micro flowers (MFs) and NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> micro spheres (Ms) and evaluate their electrochemical properties for the detection of carcinogen-causing biomarker 4-nitroquinoline n-oxide (4-NQO) in human blood serum and saliva samples. Moreover, as-prepared composites were fabricated on a glass carbon electrode (GCE), and its electrochemical activities for the determination of 4-NQO were investigated by using various electrochemical techniques. Fascinatingly, the NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>-Ms showed a very low detection limit of 2.29 nM and a wider range of 0.005 to 596.64 µM for detecting 4-NQO. Finally, the practical applicability of NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>-Ms in the 4-NQO spiked human blood serum and saliva samples were also investigated.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/32734-NQO detectionNiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>biologic sampleshierarchical spinel structurehydrothermal method |
| spellingShingle | Tse-Wei Chen Elayappan Tamilalagan Shen-Ming Chen Muthumariappan Akilarasan Selvarasu Maheshwaran Xiaoheng Liu An Ultra-Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor for the Detection of Carcinogen Oxidative Stress 4-Nitroquinoline N-Oxide in Biologic Matrices Based on Hierarchical Spinel Structured NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>; A Comparative Study International Journal of Molecular Sciences 4-NQO detection NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> biologic samples hierarchical spinel structure hydrothermal method |
| title | An Ultra-Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor for the Detection of Carcinogen Oxidative Stress 4-Nitroquinoline N-Oxide in Biologic Matrices Based on Hierarchical Spinel Structured NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>; A Comparative Study |
| title_full | An Ultra-Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor for the Detection of Carcinogen Oxidative Stress 4-Nitroquinoline N-Oxide in Biologic Matrices Based on Hierarchical Spinel Structured NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>; A Comparative Study |
| title_fullStr | An Ultra-Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor for the Detection of Carcinogen Oxidative Stress 4-Nitroquinoline N-Oxide in Biologic Matrices Based on Hierarchical Spinel Structured NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>; A Comparative Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Ultra-Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor for the Detection of Carcinogen Oxidative Stress 4-Nitroquinoline N-Oxide in Biologic Matrices Based on Hierarchical Spinel Structured NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>; A Comparative Study |
| title_short | An Ultra-Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor for the Detection of Carcinogen Oxidative Stress 4-Nitroquinoline N-Oxide in Biologic Matrices Based on Hierarchical Spinel Structured NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>; A Comparative Study |
| title_sort | ultra sensitive electrochemical sensor for the detection of carcinogen oxidative stress 4 nitroquinoline n oxide in biologic matrices based on hierarchical spinel structured nico sub 2 sub o sub 4 sub and nico sub 2 sub s sub 4 sub a comparative study |
| topic | 4-NQO detection NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> biologic samples hierarchical spinel structure hydrothermal method |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/3273 |
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