Production of Virus-Free Garlic Plants through Somatic Embryogenesis
The present study was conducted to establish a protocol for the regeneration of virus-free garlic plants through somatic embryogenesis of two Croatian garlic ecotypes. Basal parts of cloves from mother plants were cultured on a full Murashige and Skoog (MS) or modified MS medium (¼ of KNO<sub>...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/5/876 |
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| author | Snježana Kereša Katarina Kurtović Smiljana Goreta Ban Darko Vončina Ivanka Habuš Jerčić Snježana Bolarić Boris Lazarević Sara Godena Dean Ban Anita Bošnjak Mihovilović |
| author_facet | Snježana Kereša Katarina Kurtović Smiljana Goreta Ban Darko Vončina Ivanka Habuš Jerčić Snježana Bolarić Boris Lazarević Sara Godena Dean Ban Anita Bošnjak Mihovilović |
| author_sort | Snježana Kereša |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present study was conducted to establish a protocol for the regeneration of virus-free garlic plants through somatic embryogenesis of two Croatian garlic ecotypes. Basal parts of cloves from mother plants were cultured on a full Murashige and Skoog (MS) or modified MS medium (¼ of KNO<sub>3</sub> and NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub> and 2xMgSO<sub>4</sub>) containing 0.1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or 1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> 2,4-D + 0.5 mg L<sup>−1</sup> kinetin (Kin) and representing four different treatments. Plants were regenerated in MS medium containing 0.1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> 2,4-D and rooted in a medium containing 0.05 mg L<sup>−1</sup> 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) + 0.005 mg L<sup>−1</sup> 6-(γ,γ-dimethylallylamino)purine (2iP). The presence of viruses (i.e., sanitary status) of the mother plants and regenerants was checked by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The mother plants were infected with onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) and leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV). In addition, the presence of garlic common latent virus (GCLV) was confirmed in four mother plants. Embryogenic callus developed in all four treatments with success ranging from 55% to 81% depending on treatment and ecotype. Plant conversion was significantly higher in somatic embryos developed in media containing 0.1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> 2,4-D than those developed in media containing 1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> 2,4-D + 0.5 mg L<sup>−1</sup> Kin. Virus elimination success ranged from 13.3% up to 62.5% depending on garlic ecotype and treatment. The overall rate of virus elimination by somatic embryogenesis for both treatments and ecotypes were 20.7%, 22.9%, and 30.5% for OYDV, GCLV, and LYSV, respectively. Based on these results, somatic embryogenesis has been shown to be equally or more successful in eliminating garlic viruses compared to other in vitro methods. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:49:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-18e1ea40cea2447c8931ba0ec3893104 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:49:52Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-18e1ea40cea2447c8931ba0ec38931042023-11-21T17:44:18ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-04-0111587610.3390/agronomy11050876Production of Virus-Free Garlic Plants through Somatic EmbryogenesisSnježana Kereša0Katarina Kurtović1Smiljana Goreta Ban2Darko Vončina3Ivanka Habuš Jerčić4Snježana Bolarić5Boris Lazarević6Sara Godena7Dean Ban8Anita Bošnjak Mihovilović9Department of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biometrics, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10 000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Experimental Plant Biology, Charles University Faculty of Science, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague, Czech RepublicInstitute of Agriculture and Tourism, Karla Huguesa 8, 52440 Poreč, CroatiaCentre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CroP-BioDiv), Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10 000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biometrics, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10 000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biometrics, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10 000 Zagreb, CroatiaCentre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CroP-BioDiv), Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10 000 Zagreb, CroatiaInstitute of Agriculture and Tourism, Karla Huguesa 8, 52440 Poreč, CroatiaInstitute of Agriculture and Tourism, Karla Huguesa 8, 52440 Poreč, CroatiaDepartment of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biometrics, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10 000 Zagreb, CroatiaThe present study was conducted to establish a protocol for the regeneration of virus-free garlic plants through somatic embryogenesis of two Croatian garlic ecotypes. Basal parts of cloves from mother plants were cultured on a full Murashige and Skoog (MS) or modified MS medium (¼ of KNO<sub>3</sub> and NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub> and 2xMgSO<sub>4</sub>) containing 0.1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or 1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> 2,4-D + 0.5 mg L<sup>−1</sup> kinetin (Kin) and representing four different treatments. Plants were regenerated in MS medium containing 0.1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> 2,4-D and rooted in a medium containing 0.05 mg L<sup>−1</sup> 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) + 0.005 mg L<sup>−1</sup> 6-(γ,γ-dimethylallylamino)purine (2iP). The presence of viruses (i.e., sanitary status) of the mother plants and regenerants was checked by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The mother plants were infected with onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) and leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV). In addition, the presence of garlic common latent virus (GCLV) was confirmed in four mother plants. Embryogenic callus developed in all four treatments with success ranging from 55% to 81% depending on treatment and ecotype. Plant conversion was significantly higher in somatic embryos developed in media containing 0.1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> 2,4-D than those developed in media containing 1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> 2,4-D + 0.5 mg L<sup>−1</sup> Kin. Virus elimination success ranged from 13.3% up to 62.5% depending on garlic ecotype and treatment. The overall rate of virus elimination by somatic embryogenesis for both treatments and ecotypes were 20.7%, 22.9%, and 30.5% for OYDV, GCLV, and LYSV, respectively. Based on these results, somatic embryogenesis has been shown to be equally or more successful in eliminating garlic viruses compared to other in vitro methods.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/5/876<i>Allium sativum</i>callogenesissomatic embryosvirus elimination |
| spellingShingle | Snježana Kereša Katarina Kurtović Smiljana Goreta Ban Darko Vončina Ivanka Habuš Jerčić Snježana Bolarić Boris Lazarević Sara Godena Dean Ban Anita Bošnjak Mihovilović Production of Virus-Free Garlic Plants through Somatic Embryogenesis Agronomy <i>Allium sativum</i> callogenesis somatic embryos virus elimination |
| title | Production of Virus-Free Garlic Plants through Somatic Embryogenesis |
| title_full | Production of Virus-Free Garlic Plants through Somatic Embryogenesis |
| title_fullStr | Production of Virus-Free Garlic Plants through Somatic Embryogenesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Production of Virus-Free Garlic Plants through Somatic Embryogenesis |
| title_short | Production of Virus-Free Garlic Plants through Somatic Embryogenesis |
| title_sort | production of virus free garlic plants through somatic embryogenesis |
| topic | <i>Allium sativum</i> callogenesis somatic embryos virus elimination |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/5/876 |
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