Bioelimination of Phytotoxic Hydrocarbons by Biostimulation and Phytoremediation of Soil Polluted by Waste Motor Oil

Soils contaminated by waste motor oil (WMO) affect their fertility, so it is necessary to recover them by means of an efficient and safe bioremediation technique for agricultural production. The objectives were: (a) to biostimulate the soil impacted by WMO by applying crude fungal extract (CFE) and...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Gladys Juárez-Cisneros, Blanca Celeste Saucedo-Martínez, Juan Manuel Sánchez-Yáñez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-02-01
Series:Plants
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/5/1053
Description
Summary:Soils contaminated by waste motor oil (WMO) affect their fertility, so it is necessary to recover them by means of an efficient and safe bioremediation technique for agricultural production. The objectives were: (a) to biostimulate the soil impacted by WMO by applying crude fungal extract (CFE) and <i>Cicer arietinum</i> as a green manure (GM), and (b) phytoremediation using <i>Sorghum vulgare</i> with <i>Rhizophagus irregularis</i> and/or <i>Rhizobium etli</i> to reduce the WMO below the maximum value according to NOM-138 SEMARNAT/SS or the naturally detected one. Soil impacted by WMO was biostimulated with CFE and GM and then phytoremediated by <i>S. vulgare</i> with <i>R. irregularis</i> and <i>R. etli</i>. The initial and final concentrations of WMO were analyzed. The phenology of <i>S. vulgare</i> and colonization of <i>S. vulgaris</i> roots by <i>R. irregularis</i> were measured. The results were statistically analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey’s HSD test. The WMO in soil that was biostimulated with CFE and GM, after 60 days, was reduced from 34,500 to 2066 ppm, and the mineralization of hydrocarbons from 12 to 27 carbons was detected. Subsequently, phytoremediation with <i>S. vulgare</i> and <i>R. irregularis</i> reduced the WMO to 86.9 ppm after 120 days, which is a concentration that guarantees the restoration of soil fertility for safe agricultural production for human and animal consumption.
ISSN:2223-7747