Molecular Cloning, Tissue Distribution, and Pharmacological Characterization of GPR84 in Grass Carp (<i>Ctenopharyngodon Idella</i>)
The G-protein-coupled receptor GPR84, activated by medium-chain fatty acids, primarily expressed in macrophages and microglia, is involved in inflammatory responses and retinal development in mammals and amphibians. However, our understanding of its structure, function, tissue expression, and signal...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-09-01
|
| Series: | Animals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/19/3001 |
| _version_ | 1827722935820877824 |
|---|---|
| author | Yang Li Wei-Jia Song Shao-Kui Yi Hui-Xia Yu Hao-Lin Mo Ming-Xing Yao Ya-Xiong Tao Li-Xin Wang |
| author_facet | Yang Li Wei-Jia Song Shao-Kui Yi Hui-Xia Yu Hao-Lin Mo Ming-Xing Yao Ya-Xiong Tao Li-Xin Wang |
| author_sort | Yang Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The G-protein-coupled receptor GPR84, activated by medium-chain fatty acids, primarily expressed in macrophages and microglia, is involved in inflammatory responses and retinal development in mammals and amphibians. However, our understanding of its structure, function, tissue expression, and signaling pathways in fish is limited. In this study, we cloned and characterized the coding sequence of GPR84 (ciGPR84) in grass carp. A phylogenetic analysis revealed its close relationship with bony fishes. High expression levels of GPR84 were observed in the liver and spleen. The transfection of HEK293T cells with ciGPR84 demonstrated its responsiveness to medium-chain fatty acids and diindolylmethane (DIM). Capric acid, undecanoic acid, and lauric acid activated ERK and inhibited cAMP signaling. Lauric acid showed the highest efficiency in activating the ERK pathway, while capric acid was the most effective in inhibiting cAMP signaling. Notably, DIM did not activate GPR84 in grass carp, unlike in mammals. These findings provide valuable insights for mitigating chronic inflammation in grass carp farming and warrant further exploration of the role of medium-chain fatty acids in inflammation regulation in this species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:50:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-18fa4848792b48cb9e8389ef60f692ab |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:50:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-18fa4848792b48cb9e8389ef60f692ab2023-11-19T13:58:51ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-09-011319300110.3390/ani13193001Molecular Cloning, Tissue Distribution, and Pharmacological Characterization of GPR84 in Grass Carp (<i>Ctenopharyngodon Idella</i>)Yang Li0Wei-Jia Song1Shao-Kui Yi2Hui-Xia Yu3Hao-Lin Mo4Ming-Xing Yao5Ya-Xiong Tao6Li-Xin Wang7College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaDepartment of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USACollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaThe G-protein-coupled receptor GPR84, activated by medium-chain fatty acids, primarily expressed in macrophages and microglia, is involved in inflammatory responses and retinal development in mammals and amphibians. However, our understanding of its structure, function, tissue expression, and signaling pathways in fish is limited. In this study, we cloned and characterized the coding sequence of GPR84 (ciGPR84) in grass carp. A phylogenetic analysis revealed its close relationship with bony fishes. High expression levels of GPR84 were observed in the liver and spleen. The transfection of HEK293T cells with ciGPR84 demonstrated its responsiveness to medium-chain fatty acids and diindolylmethane (DIM). Capric acid, undecanoic acid, and lauric acid activated ERK and inhibited cAMP signaling. Lauric acid showed the highest efficiency in activating the ERK pathway, while capric acid was the most effective in inhibiting cAMP signaling. Notably, DIM did not activate GPR84 in grass carp, unlike in mammals. These findings provide valuable insights for mitigating chronic inflammation in grass carp farming and warrant further exploration of the role of medium-chain fatty acids in inflammation regulation in this species.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/19/3001GPR84medium-chain fatty acidgrass carpexpressionsignaling |
| spellingShingle | Yang Li Wei-Jia Song Shao-Kui Yi Hui-Xia Yu Hao-Lin Mo Ming-Xing Yao Ya-Xiong Tao Li-Xin Wang Molecular Cloning, Tissue Distribution, and Pharmacological Characterization of GPR84 in Grass Carp (<i>Ctenopharyngodon Idella</i>) Animals GPR84 medium-chain fatty acid grass carp expression signaling |
| title | Molecular Cloning, Tissue Distribution, and Pharmacological Characterization of GPR84 in Grass Carp (<i>Ctenopharyngodon Idella</i>) |
| title_full | Molecular Cloning, Tissue Distribution, and Pharmacological Characterization of GPR84 in Grass Carp (<i>Ctenopharyngodon Idella</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Cloning, Tissue Distribution, and Pharmacological Characterization of GPR84 in Grass Carp (<i>Ctenopharyngodon Idella</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Cloning, Tissue Distribution, and Pharmacological Characterization of GPR84 in Grass Carp (<i>Ctenopharyngodon Idella</i>) |
| title_short | Molecular Cloning, Tissue Distribution, and Pharmacological Characterization of GPR84 in Grass Carp (<i>Ctenopharyngodon Idella</i>) |
| title_sort | molecular cloning tissue distribution and pharmacological characterization of gpr84 in grass carp i ctenopharyngodon idella i |
| topic | GPR84 medium-chain fatty acid grass carp expression signaling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/19/3001 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yangli molecularcloningtissuedistributionandpharmacologicalcharacterizationofgpr84ingrasscarpictenopharyngodonidellai AT weijiasong molecularcloningtissuedistributionandpharmacologicalcharacterizationofgpr84ingrasscarpictenopharyngodonidellai AT shaokuiyi molecularcloningtissuedistributionandpharmacologicalcharacterizationofgpr84ingrasscarpictenopharyngodonidellai AT huixiayu molecularcloningtissuedistributionandpharmacologicalcharacterizationofgpr84ingrasscarpictenopharyngodonidellai AT haolinmo molecularcloningtissuedistributionandpharmacologicalcharacterizationofgpr84ingrasscarpictenopharyngodonidellai AT mingxingyao molecularcloningtissuedistributionandpharmacologicalcharacterizationofgpr84ingrasscarpictenopharyngodonidellai AT yaxiongtao molecularcloningtissuedistributionandpharmacologicalcharacterizationofgpr84ingrasscarpictenopharyngodonidellai AT lixinwang molecularcloningtissuedistributionandpharmacologicalcharacterizationofgpr84ingrasscarpictenopharyngodonidellai |