Low self-esteem is related to depression and anxiety during recovery from an ectopic pregnancy
Abstract Background Considering the increasing incidence of ectopic pregnancy and the negative effects of pregnancy loss on mental health, this study aimed to determine the status of mental health in women with ectopic pregnancy and examine its relationship with their self-esteem. Methods This was a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-09-01
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| Series: | BMC Women's Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-021-01467-2 |
| _version_ | 1819131474612322304 |
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| author | Sonia Hasani Eindra Aung Mojgan Mirghafourvand |
| author_facet | Sonia Hasani Eindra Aung Mojgan Mirghafourvand |
| author_sort | Sonia Hasani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Considering the increasing incidence of ectopic pregnancy and the negative effects of pregnancy loss on mental health, this study aimed to determine the status of mental health in women with ectopic pregnancy and examine its relationship with their self-esteem. Methods This was a cross-sectional study on 150 women (with a 100% response rate) hospitalized for ectopic pregnancy et al.-Zahra hospital in Tabriz, Iran, during 2018–2019, and recruited via convenience sampling. Data were collected using the General Health Questionnaire-28, which has four subscales (overall score range: 0 to 84; subscale score range: 0 to 21 with a lower score indicating a better mental state), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (score range: − 10 to + 10 with a higher score indicating higher self-esteem). To determine the association between self-esteem and mental health, independent t-tests, and multivariable logistic regression were used. Results The response rate was 100%. The mean score (SD) of participants’ mental health was 31.4 (8.5), and that of self-esteem was 4.5 (3.80). The percentage of participants who were considered as having mental distress (i.e., overall GHQ-28 score ≥ 24) was 76%. Among the subscales of mental health, social dysfunction was the most prevalent (observed in 100% of the participants), followed by somatic symptoms (79.3%). Lower self-esteem was significantly associated with overall mental distress (odds ratio (OR): 0.74; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.64–0.87; P < 0.001), depression (OR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.60–0.80; P < 0.001) and anxiety/insomnia (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.66–0.87; P < 0.001). Discussion Mental distress was common among women with ectopic pregnancy. This study is the first to examine the relationship between self-esteem and mental health among women with ectopic pregnancy and highlights the important role of self-esteem in mental wellbeing among those women. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T09:16:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1937d198a6154c71a84172c7095fe75d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6874 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T09:16:05Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Women's Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-1937d198a6154c71a84172c7095fe75d2022-12-21T18:31:18ZengBMCBMC Women's Health1472-68742021-09-012111810.1186/s12905-021-01467-2Low self-esteem is related to depression and anxiety during recovery from an ectopic pregnancySonia Hasani0Eindra Aung1Mojgan Mirghafourvand2Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South WalesMidwifery Department, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Considering the increasing incidence of ectopic pregnancy and the negative effects of pregnancy loss on mental health, this study aimed to determine the status of mental health in women with ectopic pregnancy and examine its relationship with their self-esteem. Methods This was a cross-sectional study on 150 women (with a 100% response rate) hospitalized for ectopic pregnancy et al.-Zahra hospital in Tabriz, Iran, during 2018–2019, and recruited via convenience sampling. Data were collected using the General Health Questionnaire-28, which has four subscales (overall score range: 0 to 84; subscale score range: 0 to 21 with a lower score indicating a better mental state), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (score range: − 10 to + 10 with a higher score indicating higher self-esteem). To determine the association between self-esteem and mental health, independent t-tests, and multivariable logistic regression were used. Results The response rate was 100%. The mean score (SD) of participants’ mental health was 31.4 (8.5), and that of self-esteem was 4.5 (3.80). The percentage of participants who were considered as having mental distress (i.e., overall GHQ-28 score ≥ 24) was 76%. Among the subscales of mental health, social dysfunction was the most prevalent (observed in 100% of the participants), followed by somatic symptoms (79.3%). Lower self-esteem was significantly associated with overall mental distress (odds ratio (OR): 0.74; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.64–0.87; P < 0.001), depression (OR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.60–0.80; P < 0.001) and anxiety/insomnia (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.66–0.87; P < 0.001). Discussion Mental distress was common among women with ectopic pregnancy. This study is the first to examine the relationship between self-esteem and mental health among women with ectopic pregnancy and highlights the important role of self-esteem in mental wellbeing among those women.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-021-01467-2Mental healthSelf-esteemEctopic pregnancyWomenDepressionAnxiety |
| spellingShingle | Sonia Hasani Eindra Aung Mojgan Mirghafourvand Low self-esteem is related to depression and anxiety during recovery from an ectopic pregnancy BMC Women's Health Mental health Self-esteem Ectopic pregnancy Women Depression Anxiety |
| title | Low self-esteem is related to depression and anxiety during recovery from an ectopic pregnancy |
| title_full | Low self-esteem is related to depression and anxiety during recovery from an ectopic pregnancy |
| title_fullStr | Low self-esteem is related to depression and anxiety during recovery from an ectopic pregnancy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Low self-esteem is related to depression and anxiety during recovery from an ectopic pregnancy |
| title_short | Low self-esteem is related to depression and anxiety during recovery from an ectopic pregnancy |
| title_sort | low self esteem is related to depression and anxiety during recovery from an ectopic pregnancy |
| topic | Mental health Self-esteem Ectopic pregnancy Women Depression Anxiety |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-021-01467-2 |
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