Preparation of N-, O-, and S-Tri-Doped Biochar through One-Pot Pyrolysis of Poplar and Urea Formaldehyde and Its Enhanced Removal of Tetracycline from Wastewater
In this study, biochar was prepared via hybrid doping of N, O, and S by applying one-pot pyrolysis of poplar wood and S-containing urea formaldehyde at 900 °C. Different doping ratios were adopted, and the contents of O, N, and S were in the ranges of 2.78–5.56%, 2.16–4.92%, and 1.42–4.98%, respecti...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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2022-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/21/8081 |
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| author | Wenran Gao Zixiang Lin Shanshan Yan Yaxuan Gao Hong Zhang Xun Hu Hongqi Sun Shu Zhang |
| author_facet | Wenran Gao Zixiang Lin Shanshan Yan Yaxuan Gao Hong Zhang Xun Hu Hongqi Sun Shu Zhang |
| author_sort | Wenran Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, biochar was prepared via hybrid doping of N, O, and S by applying one-pot pyrolysis of poplar wood and S-containing urea formaldehyde at 900 °C. Different doping ratios were adopted, and the contents of O, N, and S were in the ranges of 2.78–5.56%, 2.16–4.92%, and 1.42–4.98%, respectively. This hybrid doping significantly enhanced the efficiency of the removal of tetracycline (40 mg/L) from wastewater to 71.84% in comparison with that attained by using normal poplar biochar (29.45%). The adsorption kinetics and isotherms indicated that the adsorption process was favorable and was dominated by chemisorption instead of physisorption; the dominant adsorption process may be justified by the existence of abundant functional groups. The adsorption capacity was barely related to the surface area (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.478), while it was closely related to the concentration of graphitic N (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.985) because graphitic N enhanced the π–π interactions. The adsorption capacity was also highly related to the proportion of oxidized N and oxidized S owing to hydrogen bonding, which may have overlapped with the contribution of O-containing functional groups. This study presents a simple hybrid doping method for biochar modification and provides fundamental insights into the specific effects of O-, N- and S-containing functional groups on the performance of biochar for tetracycline removal. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:06:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-193930b420ba46ad94fc209fc9ed0f08 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:06:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-193930b420ba46ad94fc209fc9ed0f082023-11-24T04:31:32ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-10-011521808110.3390/en15218081Preparation of N-, O-, and S-Tri-Doped Biochar through One-Pot Pyrolysis of Poplar and Urea Formaldehyde and Its Enhanced Removal of Tetracycline from WastewaterWenran Gao0Zixiang Lin1Shanshan Yan2Yaxuan Gao3Hong Zhang4Xun Hu5Hongqi Sun6Shu Zhang7Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaJoint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaJoint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaJoint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaJoint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaSchool of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, ChinaSchool of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, AustraliaJoint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaIn this study, biochar was prepared via hybrid doping of N, O, and S by applying one-pot pyrolysis of poplar wood and S-containing urea formaldehyde at 900 °C. Different doping ratios were adopted, and the contents of O, N, and S were in the ranges of 2.78–5.56%, 2.16–4.92%, and 1.42–4.98%, respectively. This hybrid doping significantly enhanced the efficiency of the removal of tetracycline (40 mg/L) from wastewater to 71.84% in comparison with that attained by using normal poplar biochar (29.45%). The adsorption kinetics and isotherms indicated that the adsorption process was favorable and was dominated by chemisorption instead of physisorption; the dominant adsorption process may be justified by the existence of abundant functional groups. The adsorption capacity was barely related to the surface area (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.478), while it was closely related to the concentration of graphitic N (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.985) because graphitic N enhanced the π–π interactions. The adsorption capacity was also highly related to the proportion of oxidized N and oxidized S owing to hydrogen bonding, which may have overlapped with the contribution of O-containing functional groups. This study presents a simple hybrid doping method for biochar modification and provides fundamental insights into the specific effects of O-, N- and S-containing functional groups on the performance of biochar for tetracycline removal.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/21/8081hybrid doping of N, O, and Sbiocharpoplaradsorptionfunctional groupstetracycline |
| spellingShingle | Wenran Gao Zixiang Lin Shanshan Yan Yaxuan Gao Hong Zhang Xun Hu Hongqi Sun Shu Zhang Preparation of N-, O-, and S-Tri-Doped Biochar through One-Pot Pyrolysis of Poplar and Urea Formaldehyde and Its Enhanced Removal of Tetracycline from Wastewater Energies hybrid doping of N, O, and S biochar poplar adsorption functional groups tetracycline |
| title | Preparation of N-, O-, and S-Tri-Doped Biochar through One-Pot Pyrolysis of Poplar and Urea Formaldehyde and Its Enhanced Removal of Tetracycline from Wastewater |
| title_full | Preparation of N-, O-, and S-Tri-Doped Biochar through One-Pot Pyrolysis of Poplar and Urea Formaldehyde and Its Enhanced Removal of Tetracycline from Wastewater |
| title_fullStr | Preparation of N-, O-, and S-Tri-Doped Biochar through One-Pot Pyrolysis of Poplar and Urea Formaldehyde and Its Enhanced Removal of Tetracycline from Wastewater |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preparation of N-, O-, and S-Tri-Doped Biochar through One-Pot Pyrolysis of Poplar and Urea Formaldehyde and Its Enhanced Removal of Tetracycline from Wastewater |
| title_short | Preparation of N-, O-, and S-Tri-Doped Biochar through One-Pot Pyrolysis of Poplar and Urea Formaldehyde and Its Enhanced Removal of Tetracycline from Wastewater |
| title_sort | preparation of n o and s tri doped biochar through one pot pyrolysis of poplar and urea formaldehyde and its enhanced removal of tetracycline from wastewater |
| topic | hybrid doping of N, O, and S biochar poplar adsorption functional groups tetracycline |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/21/8081 |
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