Spatio-Temporal Trends of Monthly and Annual Precipitation in Aguascalientes, Mexico
The objective of this research was to analyze the temporal patterns of monthly and annual precipitation at 36 weather stations of Aguascalientes, Mexico. The precipitation trend was determined by the Mann–Kendall method and the rate of change with the Theil–Sen estimator. In total, 468 time series w...
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/5/437 |
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| author | Osías Ruiz-Alvarez Vijay P. Singh Juan Enciso-Medina Ronald Ernesto Ontiveros-Capurata Arturo Corrales-Suastegui |
| author_facet | Osías Ruiz-Alvarez Vijay P. Singh Juan Enciso-Medina Ronald Ernesto Ontiveros-Capurata Arturo Corrales-Suastegui |
| author_sort | Osías Ruiz-Alvarez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this research was to analyze the temporal patterns of monthly and annual precipitation at 36 weather stations of Aguascalientes, Mexico. The precipitation trend was determined by the Mann–Kendall method and the rate of change with the Theil–Sen estimator. In total, 468 time series were analyzed, 432 out of them were monthly, and 36 were annual. Out of the total monthly precipitation time series, 42 series showed a statistically significant trend (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), from which 8/34 showed a statistically significant negative/positive trend. The statistically significant negative trends of monthly precipitation occurred in January, April, October, and December. These trends denoted more significant irrigation water use, higher water extractions from the aquifers in autumn–winter, more significant drought occurrence, low forest productivity, higher wildfire risk, and greater frost risk. The statistically significant positive trends occurred in May, June, July, August, and September; to a certain extent, these would contribute to the hydrology, agriculture, and ecosystem but also could provoke problems due to water excess. In some months, the annual precipitation variability and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) were statistically correlated, so it could be established that in Aguascalientes, this phenomenon is one of the causes of the yearly precipitation variation. Out of the total annual precipitation time series, only nine series were statistically significant positive; eight out of them originated by the augments of monthly precipitation. Thirteen weather stations showed statistically significant trends in the total precipitation of the growing season (May, June, July, August, and September); these stations are located in regions of irrigated agriculture. The precipitation decrease in dry months can be mitigated using shorter cycle varieties with lower water consumption, irrigation methods with high efficiency, and repairing irrigation infrastructure. The precipitation increase in humid months can be used to store water and use it during the dry season, and its adverse effects can be palliated with the use of varieties resistant to root diseases and lodging. The results of this work will be beneficial in the management of agriculture, hydrology, and water resources of Aguascalientes and in neighboring arid regions affected by climate change. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:13:03Z |
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| id | doaj.art-193be1ad8a3047e4a90b98b951d0d739 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:13:03Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
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| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-193be1ad8a3047e4a90b98b951d0d7392023-11-19T22:45:54ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332020-04-0111543710.3390/atmos11050437Spatio-Temporal Trends of Monthly and Annual Precipitation in Aguascalientes, MexicoOsías Ruiz-Alvarez0Vijay P. Singh1Juan Enciso-Medina2Ronald Ernesto Ontiveros-Capurata3Arturo Corrales-Suastegui4Laboratorio Nacional de Modelaje y Sensores Remotos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental Pabellón, Pabellón de Arteaga 20673, MexicoDepartment of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2117, USADepartment of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Weslaco, TX 78596, USACatedra CONACYT, Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Jiutepec 62550, MexicoLaboratorio Nacional de Modelaje y Sensores Remotos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental Pabellón, Pabellón de Arteaga 20673, MexicoThe objective of this research was to analyze the temporal patterns of monthly and annual precipitation at 36 weather stations of Aguascalientes, Mexico. The precipitation trend was determined by the Mann–Kendall method and the rate of change with the Theil–Sen estimator. In total, 468 time series were analyzed, 432 out of them were monthly, and 36 were annual. Out of the total monthly precipitation time series, 42 series showed a statistically significant trend (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), from which 8/34 showed a statistically significant negative/positive trend. The statistically significant negative trends of monthly precipitation occurred in January, April, October, and December. These trends denoted more significant irrigation water use, higher water extractions from the aquifers in autumn–winter, more significant drought occurrence, low forest productivity, higher wildfire risk, and greater frost risk. The statistically significant positive trends occurred in May, June, July, August, and September; to a certain extent, these would contribute to the hydrology, agriculture, and ecosystem but also could provoke problems due to water excess. In some months, the annual precipitation variability and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) were statistically correlated, so it could be established that in Aguascalientes, this phenomenon is one of the causes of the yearly precipitation variation. Out of the total annual precipitation time series, only nine series were statistically significant positive; eight out of them originated by the augments of monthly precipitation. Thirteen weather stations showed statistically significant trends in the total precipitation of the growing season (May, June, July, August, and September); these stations are located in regions of irrigated agriculture. The precipitation decrease in dry months can be mitigated using shorter cycle varieties with lower water consumption, irrigation methods with high efficiency, and repairing irrigation infrastructure. The precipitation increase in humid months can be used to store water and use it during the dry season, and its adverse effects can be palliated with the use of varieties resistant to root diseases and lodging. The results of this work will be beneficial in the management of agriculture, hydrology, and water resources of Aguascalientes and in neighboring arid regions affected by climate change.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/5/437climate changeglobal warmingclimate variabilityweather stationsMann–KendallTheil–Sen |
| spellingShingle | Osías Ruiz-Alvarez Vijay P. Singh Juan Enciso-Medina Ronald Ernesto Ontiveros-Capurata Arturo Corrales-Suastegui Spatio-Temporal Trends of Monthly and Annual Precipitation in Aguascalientes, Mexico Atmosphere climate change global warming climate variability weather stations Mann–Kendall Theil–Sen |
| title | Spatio-Temporal Trends of Monthly and Annual Precipitation in Aguascalientes, Mexico |
| title_full | Spatio-Temporal Trends of Monthly and Annual Precipitation in Aguascalientes, Mexico |
| title_fullStr | Spatio-Temporal Trends of Monthly and Annual Precipitation in Aguascalientes, Mexico |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatio-Temporal Trends of Monthly and Annual Precipitation in Aguascalientes, Mexico |
| title_short | Spatio-Temporal Trends of Monthly and Annual Precipitation in Aguascalientes, Mexico |
| title_sort | spatio temporal trends of monthly and annual precipitation in aguascalientes mexico |
| topic | climate change global warming climate variability weather stations Mann–Kendall Theil–Sen |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/5/437 |
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